Andrew Grey doesn’t fit most people’s idea of an astronomer. He works in a car repair shop, not in a lab or university, yet the Australian repairman discovered a star system hiding in data from NASA’s Kepler space telescope.
Mr. Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding. For centuries, only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization (民主化) to science.
“This is a collaborative (合作的) effort that anyone could get involved in,” says Chris Lincoln, an Oxford University astrophysicist (天体物理学家) and cofounder of Zooniverse, a platform that hosts dozens of citizen science projects. Citizen scientists can contribute to breakthroughs in almost any field, from ecology to astrophysics.
“As long as pattern recognition is involved, there are no limits to what can become a citizen science project,” Dr. Linton says. “Anyone can identify patterns in images, graphs, or even seemingly boring data after a short tutorial. Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition. But humans, particularly amateur scientists, don’t stay focused on what they’re supposed to. And that’s good, because people who do that notice the unusual things in s data set.
“And citizen science doesn’t have to be directed by a scientist,” says Sheila Jasanoff, director of the Program on Science, Technology and Society at Harvard University. “Citizens producing knowledge in places where official organs have failed then can also be citizen scientists,” she says. That’s what happened in Flint, Michigan, when a local mother started drinking water tests that caused a broader investigation of lead levels.
Citizen-powered research is as old as scientific inquiry. For centuries before science became professionalized, regular people looked for patterns in the world around them. Despite a lot of advanced equipment and computer models, scientists still welcome help from everyday people.
As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that were intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help.”
1.What made citizen scientists appear?
A.The high level of science projects B.The development of technology.
C.The support of the government. D.The foundation of Zooniverse.
2.What is a human advantage in pattern recognition compared with machines?
A.Humans can identify patterns mare swiftly.
B.Humans focus their attention on data.
C.Humans can observe uncommon things.
D.Humans have stronger emotions.
3.What is Lincon’s attitude towards citizen science?
A.Favorable. B.Cautious.
C.Indifferent. D.Doubtful.
4.What would be the best title of the text?
A.Citizen scientists can be intelligent. B.Science is important to everyone.
C.Anyone can be a scientist. D.Science is everywhere.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Andrew Grey doesn’t fit most people’s idea of an astronomer. He works in a car repair shop, not in a lab or university, yet the Australian repairman discovered a star system hiding in data from NASA’s Kepler space telescope.
Mr. Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding. For centuries, only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization (民主化) to science.
“This is a collaborative (合作的) effort that anyone could get involved in,” says Chris Lincoln, an Oxford University astrophysicist (天体物理学家) and cofounder of Zooniverse, a platform that hosts dozens of citizen science projects. Citizen scientists can contribute to breakthroughs in almost any field, from ecology to astrophysics.
“As long as pattern recognition is involved, there are no limits to what can become a citizen science project,” Dr. Linton says. “Anyone can identify patterns in images, graphs, or even seemingly boring data after a short tutorial. Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition. But humans, particularly amateur scientists, don’t stay focused on what they’re supposed to. And that’s good, because people who do that notice the unusual things in s data set.
“And citizen science doesn’t have to be directed by a scientist,” says Sheila Jasanoff, director of the Program on Science, Technology and Society at Harvard University. “Citizens producing knowledge in places where official organs have failed then can also be citizen scientists,” she says. That’s what happened in Flint, Michigan, when a local mother started drinking water tests that caused a broader investigation of lead levels.
Citizen-powered research is as old as scientific inquiry. For centuries before science became professionalized, regular people looked for patterns in the world around them. Despite a lot of advanced equipment and computer models, scientists still welcome help from everyday people.
As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that were intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help.”
1.What made citizen scientists appear?
A.The high level of science projects B.The development of technology.
C.The support of the government. D.The foundation of Zooniverse.
2.What is a human advantage in pattern recognition compared with machines?
A.Humans can identify patterns mare swiftly.
B.Humans focus their attention on data.
C.Humans can observe uncommon things.
D.Humans have stronger emotions.
3.What is Lincon’s attitude towards citizen science?
A.Favorable. B.Cautious.
C.Indifferent. D.Doubtful.
4.What would be the best title of the text?
A.Citizen scientists can be intelligent. B.Science is important to everyone.
C.Anyone can be a scientist. D.Science is everywhere.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Although most people believe that owning a business or working on an idea means you are an entrepreneur (企业家), the reality is that entrepreneurship is so much more than just these two things. It is about the ability to innovate (创新) by helping society progress. For those who aspire to become real entrepreneurs, the path to turn your thought into entrepreneurship is one that requires you to know yourself.
Recognize what skills you are good at. Everybody wants money. But many fail to realize that money is the extension ( 延伸) of your skills, so the most important aspect of learning to make money starts by knowing what skills you have. Make a list of your skills and you should see where your strengths lie. The goal with this exercise is to recognize what skills you are good at naturally. Make good use of them until you finally change more of your skills into usable abilities for your business.
Make use of your confidence to create belief. Confidence is a result of repeating one thing. The more you practice doing something, the more confident you become in the process needed to see it to the end . Starting a business requires confidence, so most people who have zero confidence in the process fail to get started because it is an unknown area. You have to believe in the idea, the process and the ability within yourself to bring your business project to life. Without confidence, belief doesn't exist; without belief, the chances of giving up are high.
Allow your love to become enthusiasm. The last ingredient outside of your skills and confidence is the ability to focus on ideas that you feel enthusiastic about. Having passion will push you to struggle for something you love and turn that longing into action. The goal is to identify topics of interest so that you can start showing some aspects of passion as you start your project. The closer a project is to your heart, the less pessimistic you will become when results don't go your way.
1.The underlined word "aspire " in the first paragraph probably means .
A. want B. hate C. turn D. face
2.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. It is very difficult for us to know our skills.
B. Knowing your skills is the first step to learn to make money.
C. To recognize your skills will surely make your business successful.
D. To recognize your skills is more important than making money.
3.When getting to an unknown area, most people fail because .
A. their ability is limited
B. they have no confidence to start
C. they are likely to repeat one thing
D. they don't have enough money to support themselves
4.What's the importance of enthusiasm for us?
A. It can help us find out what we love.
B. It can make us never feel pessimistic.
C. It can push us to work hard on our goals.
D. It will make us succeed in whatever we are doing.
5.What does this passage mainly talk about?
A. The advantages of confidence.
B. The ability to focus on ideas.
C. Why people want to be an entrepreneur.
D. How you can go from ideas to an entrepreneur.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Although most people believe that owning a business or working on an idea means you are an entrepreneur (企业家), the reality is that entrepreneurship is so much more than just these two things. It is about the ability to innovate (创新) by helping society progress. For those who aspire to become real entrepreneurs, the path to turn your thought into entrepreneurship is one that requires you to know yourself.
Recognize what skills you are good at. Everybody wants money. But many fail to realize that money is the extension ( 延伸) of your skills, so the most important aspect of learning to make money starts by knowing what skills you have. Make a list of your skills and you should see where your strengths lie. The goal with this exercise is to recognize what skills you are good at naturally. Make good use of them until you finally change more of your skills into usable abilities for your business.
Make use of your confidence to create belief. Confidence is a result of repeating one thing. The more you practice doing something, the more confident you become in the process needed to see it to the end. Starting a business requires confidence, so most people who have zero confidence in the process fail to get started because it is an unknown area. You have to believe in the idea, the process and the ability within yourself to bring your business project to life. Without confidence, belief doesn't exist; without belief, the chances of giving up are high.
Allow your love to become enthusiasm. The last ingredient outside of your skills and confidence is the ability to focus on ideas that you feel enthusiastic about. Having passion will push you to struggle for something you love and turn that longing into action. The goal is to identify topics of interest so that you can start showing some aspects of passion as you start your project. The closer a project is to your heart, the less pessimistic you will become when results don't go your way.
1.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A.It is very difficult for us to know our skills.
B.Knowing your skills is the first step to learn to make money.
C.To recognize your skills will surely make your business successful.
D.To recognize your skills is more important than making money.
2.What's the importance of enthusiasm for us?
A.It can help us find out what we love.
B.It can make us never feel pessimistic.
C.It can push us to work hard on our goals.
D.It will make us succeed in whatever we are doing.
3.What does this passage mainly talk about?
A.The advantages of confidence.
B.The ability to focus on ideas.
C.Why people want to be an entrepreneur.
D.How you can go from ideas to an entrepreneur.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
In France, most of the people want to have a very long time for lunch. In Britain it doesn’t seem to be important 31 people take a cup of tea and a very quick sandwich and it’s OK.
Another very 32 (surprise) thing for the foreigner is the way the people obey the law — you seem to have much more discipline 33 in France, and you respect the police 34 more than we do. For instance, people park their car 35 , and they know it is forbidden 36 they do it — in Britain people don’t do that.
In England, it’s 37 (easy) to feel alone. People don’t bother you, don’t look after you or worry 38 you so much, so it’s easy to get lost or to hide away here. When you’re in the United States people want to know 39____________ you are, they tend to speak to you, to find out who you are,40 you’re doing.
高三英语填空题简单题查看答案及解析
．Although it________in the desert most of the year, people still live there．
A．doesn’t rain B．didn’t rain C．hasn’t rained D．hadn’t rained
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
As we get older, most of us worry about grey hair, wrinkles and maintaining a youthful body． 1. Here, Mr. Rubin, a voice expert, reveals how to keep your voice youthful．
Drink more fluid and avoid spicy food
You need water for the vocal cords（声带）to vibrate well．The body must keep absorbing enough water to make the vocal cords operate well．Drinking 1．5 liters of water a day at intervals of 15 minutes is very important．2.
Rest the throat and talk regularly
The vocal cords can be scarred if you use your voice during a bad cough．If you have a case of laryngitis（喉炎）with a cold, you should rest your voice for a day or two, and seek medical advice．
Simply staying sociable and using your voice is very important．“As older people have less mobile, they can become socially isolated and speak less,” says Mr. Rubin．“The elderly need to communicate with people more．3. ”
4.
Good posture is essential to keeping the voice young, so we’d better stand properly．Exercise helps you take deeper breaths as it means there is better airflow through the voice box, producing a stronger tone．
Sing in the shower
This is one of the best ways to preserve your voice, as it keeps the larynx muscles strong while the steam lubricates the voice box．“ 5. ” says Mr. Rubin．Joining a choir is one of the best ways to preserve a youthful tone．
A．Improve your posture
B．By using the vocal cords, they enable the ageing process to slow down．
C．But people often don’t realize the voice needs looking after．
D．The Voice of Young Science programme encourages early career researchers to play an active role in public debates about science．
E．Singing is to the voice what gymnastics are to human beings．
F．Using the vocal cords regularly will definitely age our voice more quickly．
G．Mr. Rubin advises avoiding foods with an annoying effect on the stomach, such as onions, chili, fizzy drinks and chocolate．
高三英语信息匹配中等难度题查看答案及解析
For most people, graduation is an exciting day – the culmination (顶点) of years of hard work. My graduation day... was not.
I remember that weekend two years ago, Family and friends had traveled far to watch our class walk across the stage. But like everyone else in my graduating class, I had watched the economy go from bad to worse during my senior year. We graduates had degrees, but very limited prospects (前景). I hadn’t secured a job, and I knew that the next day, when my lease (租约) ended, I would no longer have a place to call home.
The weeks ahead weren’t easy. I gathered up everything I couldn’t carry and put it into storage. Then, because I had no opportunities in my small university town, I packed up my car and drove to California to find work. But what I thought would take a week dragged into two, then four, and 100 job applications later, I found myself still jobless. The due date to begin paying back my student loans was creeping even closer.
Have you ever felt utter dread? That feeling became a constant in my life. The most frustrating part was no matter how much I tried, I just couldn’t seem to make any progress.
So what did I do to maintain my sanity? I wrote. Something about putting my words on a page made everything clearer. Something about writing gave me hope.
I channeled my frustration into a children’s book. Beyond the river was the story of an unlikely hero, a little fish who refused to give up.
And then one day, with no writing degree or contacts in the writing world – just hard work and perseverance – I was offered a publishing contract for my first book. After that, things were in place, I was offered a second book deal. Then, a few months later, I got an interview with the Walt Disney Company and was hired shortly after.
The moral of this story is… don’t give up, even if things look bleak now. Two years ago I was drinking cold soup right out the can. Things change. All we need is the courage to push beyond the river.
1.When it was time to graduate, the author felt _____.
A．Bored B．Relieved C．depressed D．hopeful
2.After the author’s graduation, _____.
A．he went on a short trip with his family to California
B．things turned even worse than he had expected
C．he focused on writing instead of applying for jobs
D．he found his salary was hardly enough to pay back his student loans
3.When did the author’s career life begin to run smoothly according to the article?
A．After he got his first publishing contract.
B．After he began to write his book Beyond the river.
C．After he finished his book Beyond the river.
D．After he got hired by the Walt Disney Company.
4.What is the main message the story intends to convey?
A．Opportunity lies everywhere.
B．Perseverance is essential to success.
C．It’s important to adapt yourself to society.
D．We should devote ourselves to whatever we do.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
An international team of astronomers in Washington D.C. announced Wednesday it had success fully captured the first-ever image of a black hole and published it.
The picture shows the black hole having a dark center，encircled by a bright orange and yellow ring spreading outward. Black holes are areas in space where gravity is so strong that nothing-not even light-can escape them. They are believed to be formed by collapsed（陨落的）stars. The presence of black holes affects the surrounding environment in extreme ways. They are not easy to capture on camera because they are surrounded by thick dust material and extremely hot gases.
But scientists say they were able to produce the new image from data collected from a series of radio telescopes around the world. Harvard University scientist Sheperd Doeleman，who leads the Event Horizon Telescope（EHT）project，announced the image discovery. "We are delighted to be able to report today that we have seen what we thought was unseeable. We have also taken a picture of it." He explained that the image resulted from a combined effort involving all eight of the EHT radio telescopes working at the same time. It has a mass 6.5 billion times greater than Earth's sun.
Researchers said that the EHT project created an Earth-sized "virtual（虚拟的）telescope" to capture the highest possible image quality. The size and shape of the shadow matches the precise Predictions of Einstein's general theory of relativity.
Sheperd Doeleman said the new image provides the first visual evidence to confirm that theory. It also helps to unlock the mystery of black holes. "We didn't see something that was unexpected. We saw something that really had a ring to it. "
Even though the data was first gathered in 2017, it required a huge effort to produce the image published on Wednesday.
1.Which is True about the black hole?
A.It has a dark surface.
B.It consists of thick dust.
C.It is visible to the eye
D.It swallows everything approaching it.
2.What does the underlined word "They" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Black holes.
B.Collapsed stars.
C.Extreme ways.
D.Hot gases.
3.How did scientists get the image?
A.By collecting available data.
B.Through the cooperation of radio telescopes.
C.With the help of a huge camera.
D.From Einstein's general theory of relativity.
4.What does the image discovery contribute to?
A.Uncovering the secret of black holes.
B.Confirming people's wisdom.
C.Testing the function of virtual telescopes.
D.Providing first-hand evidence for astronomers.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets，and even bicycles. Dr. Christopher Wilk is a member of a small group of elevator experts who consider this a misunderstanding. Without the elevator, they point out, there could be no downtown skyscrapers or tall buildings, and city life as we know it would be impossible. In that sense, they argue，the elevator’s role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars. In fact, according to Wilk? the car and the elevator have been locked in a “secret war” for over a century, with cars making it possible for people to spread horizontally (水平地)，and elevators pushing them toward life in close groups of towering vertical (垂直的)columns.
If we tend to ignore the significance of elevators, it might be because riding in them tends to be such a brief, boring, and even awkward experience^one that can involve unexpectedly meeting people with whom we have nothing in common, and an unpleasant awareness of the fact that we’re hanging from a cable in a long passage.
In a new book, Lifted, German journalist and cultural studies professor Andreas Bernard directed all his attention to this experience, studying the origins of elevator and its relationship to humankind and finding that riding in an elevator has never been a totally comfortable experience. “After 150 years, we are still not used to it”， Bernard said. “We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.” That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.
Today，as the world’s urban population explodes，and cities become more crowded, taller, and more crowded, America’s total number of elevators—900,000 at last count, according to Elevator World magazine’s “2012 Vertical Transportation Industry”一are a force that’s becoming more important than ever. And for the people who really, really love them, it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are.
1.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The general view of elevators.
B. The particular interests of experts.
C. The desire for a remarkable machine.
D. The enthusiasm for transport vehicles.
2.The author’s purpose in mentioning cars is .
A. to contrast their functions with elevators,
B. to emphasize the importance of elevators
C. to reveal their secret war against elevators
D. to explain people’s preference for elevators
3.According to Prof. Bernard, what has made the elevator ride different from other life experiences?
A. Vertical direction.
B. Lack of excitement.
C.Little physical space.
D. Uncomfortable conditions.
4.The author urges readers to consider .
A. the exact number of elevator lovers
B. the serious future situation of elevators
C. the role of elevators in city development
D. the relationship between cars and elevators
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we get older, most of us worry about grey hair, wrinkles and maintaining a youthful body． 1. Here, Mr. Rubin, a voice expert, reveals how to keep your voice youthful．
Drink more fluid and avoid spicy food
You need water for the vocal cords（声带）to vibrate well．The body must keep absorbing enough water to make the vocal cords operate well．Drinking 1．5 liters of water a day at intervals of 15 minutes is very important．2.
Rest the throat and talk regularly
The vocal cords can be scarred if you use your voice during a bad cough．If you have a case of laryngitis（喉炎）with a cold, you should rest your voice for a day or two, and seek medical advice．
Simply staying sociable and using your voice is very important．“As older people have less mobile, they can become socially isolated and speak less,” says Mr. Rubin．“The elderly need to communicate with people more．3. ”
4.
Good posture is essential to keeping the voice young, so we’d better stand properly．Exercise helps you take deeper breaths as it means there is better airflow through the voice box, producing a stronger tone．
Sing in the shower
This is one of the best ways to preserve your voice, as it keeps the larynx muscles strong while the steam lubricates the voice box．“ 5. ” says Mr. Rubin．Joining a choir is one of the best ways to preserve a youthful tone．
A．Improve your posture
B．By using the vocal cords, they enable the ageing process to slow down．
C．But people often don’t realize the voice needs looking after．
D．The Voice of Young Science programme encourages early career researchers to play an active role in public debates about science．
E．Singing is to the voice what gymnastics are to human beings．
F．Using the vocal cords regularly will definitely age our voice more quickly．
G．Mr. Rubin advises avoiding foods with an annoying effect on the stomach, such as onions, chili, fizzy drinks and chocolate．
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析