The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. Let’s meet some of the great women who have left their mark on the country’s highest court.
Margaret Brent
In the early years of our nation, women were generally prevented from practicing law. However, there were some exceptions. One such exception was Margaret Brent, who settled in Maryland with her sisters in 1638 and became a wealthy landowner. Brent appeared before courts several times to file lawsuits( 诉 讼 ) against people who owed her money.
Lucy Terry Prince
Lucy was well -known for her skills as a public speaker, and in 1796 she became the first black woman in America to argue before a Supreme Court justice. The case arose from a land dispute, and Lucy argued against two leading lawyers. Chief Justice Samuel Chase , who oversaw the case, said that Prince “made a better argument than he had ever heard from a lawyer in Vermont.”
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1933, Ginsburg attended Cornell University and Columbia Law School. Between 1972 and 1978, she argued six cases before the Supreme Court concerning laws that kept women out of certain occupations. She won five of them. In the spring of 1993, Justice Byron White retired from the Supreme Court. President Bill Clinton then picked Ginsburg to be his replacement.
Myra Bradwell
In 1872, the Illinois Supreme Court denied Myra Bradwell’s admission to the Illinois Bar despite the fact that she had passed the state bar exam. Bradwell then asked the U.S. Supreme Court to overturn(撤销) the Illinois court’s decision. Unfortunately for Bradwell, the tables weren’t turned. The Supreme Court claimed that there was nothing unconstitutional about denying a woman the chance to practice as a lawyer.
1.Which of the following describes Margaret Brent?
A.Brave and determined B.Generous and friendly
C.Considerate and optimistic D.Traditional and scholarly
2.What was Samuel Chase’s attitude to Lucy’s argument?
A.Favorable B.Uncaring
C.Doubtful D.Grateful
3.Who served on the Supreme Court?
A.Margaret B.Myra Bradwell
C.Lucy Terry Prince D.Ruth Bader Ginsburg
4.What does the author mean by the underlined sentence in the text?
A.Bradwell failed the state bar exam B.Bradwell’s request was unconstitutional.
C.The Illinois Supreme Court broke the law. D.The Supreme Court ruled against Bradwell.
5.What does the underlined word “denied” mean?
A.Liked. B.Refused
C.Introduced D.Worried
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. Let’s meet some of the great women who have left their mark on the country’s highest court.
Margaret Brent
In the early years of our nation, women were generally prevented from practicing law. However, there were some exceptions. One such exception was Margaret Brent, who settled in Maryland with her sisters in 1638 and became a wealthy landowner. Brent appeared before courts several times to file lawsuits( 诉 讼 ) against people who owed her money.
Lucy Terry Prince
Lucy was well -known for her skills as a public speaker, and in 1796 she became the first black woman in America to argue before a Supreme Court justice. The case arose from a land dispute, and Lucy argued against two leading lawyers. Chief Justice Samuel Chase , who oversaw the case, said that Prince “made a better argument than he had ever heard from a lawyer in Vermont.”
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1933, Ginsburg attended Cornell University and Columbia Law School. Between 1972 and 1978, she argued six cases before the Supreme Court concerning laws that kept women out of certain occupations. She won five of them. In the spring of 1993, Justice Byron White retired from the Supreme Court. President Bill Clinton then picked Ginsburg to be his replacement.
Myra Bradwell
In 1872, the Illinois Supreme Court denied Myra Bradwell’s admission to the Illinois Bar despite the fact that she had passed the state bar exam. Bradwell then asked the U.S. Supreme Court to overturn(撤销) the Illinois court’s decision. Unfortunately for Bradwell, the tables weren’t turned. The Supreme Court claimed that there was nothing unconstitutional about denying a woman the chance to practice as a lawyer.
1.Which of the following describes Margaret Brent?
A.Brave and determined B.Generous and friendly
C.Considerate and optimistic D.Traditional and scholarly
2.What was Samuel Chase’s attitude to Lucy’s argument?
A.Favorable B.Uncaring
C.Doubtful D.Grateful
3.Who served on the Supreme Court?
A.Margaret B.Myra Bradwell
C.Lucy Terry Prince D.Ruth Bader Ginsburg
4.What does the author mean by the underlined sentence in the text?
A.Bradwell failed the state bar exam B.Bradwell’s request was unconstitutional.
C.The Illinois Supreme Court broke the law. D.The Supreme Court ruled against Bradwell.
5.What does the underlined word “denied” mean?
A.Liked. B.Refused
C.Introduced D.Worried
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Elena Kagan has reached a lifelong goal：becoming a Justice on the United States Supreme Court.The U．S. Senate confirmed Kagan on Thursday by a vote of 6337.She replaces Justice John Paul Stevens，who retired in June.
Kagan will take a sacred oath(誓言) to uphold the Constitution of the United States on Saturday at a swearingin ceremony.The new Justice will bring the number of women sitting on the nation’s highest court to three.Kagan joins Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Sonia Sotomayor—all three New Yorkers.
Kagan is the fourth woman in history to sit on the Supreme Court.Justice Sandra Day O’Connor was the first female Justice.She was appointed by President Ronald Reagan and served from 1981 to 2006.
Kagan，who is 50 years old，is the second Justice appointed by President Barack Obama.(He appointed Justice Sotomayor in 2009.) Obama told reporters on Thursday that Kagan will make an “outstanding Justice who understands that her rulings affect people.” He also noted that the addition of another woman to the Supreme Court marks a sign of progress for the country.Obama and Kagan will celebrate her confirmation with a ceremony at the White House today.
Kagan has spent most of her adult life working with the law.She served in President Clinton’s administration as a legal adviser，was the head of Harvard Law School，and until her confirmation Thursday，was the U．S. Solicitor General—one of the most powerful lawyers in the federal government.Kagan was born in New York City.She grew up in an apartment on the Upper West side of Manhattan，the strongwilled，independent middle sister sandwiched between two brothers.
Kagan’s mother was a public school teacher who taught fifth and sixth grades.Her father was a lawyer.
The new Justice once wore a judge’s robe in a picture for her highschool yearbook.Now she’ll be wearing real ones as she and the other eight Justices decide some of the most important legal cases.
1.What can we infer according to Paragraph 1?
A．Elena Kagan has become the only female Justice of America.
B．It’s Kagan’s dream to be a Justice on the United States Supreme Court.
C．Kagan achieved this position in the election by beating John Paul Stevens.
D．It will take a long time for Kagan to become a Justice on the United States Supreme Court.
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．To take the place of an old Justice，a Justice was elected by the Senate.
B．There will be four women working in the United States Supreme Court.
C．Kagan will take a sacred oath before taking part in the election.
D．No one but a New Yorker can be a Justice of the Supreme Court.
3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?
A．Kagan is a born lawyer.
B．It is about Kagan’s biography.
C．Kagan’s character is fit for her job.
D．Kagan has worked for two Presidents.
4.This text must be taken from ________.
A．a storybook
B．a textbook
C．a newspaper
D．a biography of famous people
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeds to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.
Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effects”, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects----a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen---is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.
Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.
Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death."
George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. "It's like surgery, " he says. “We don't call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you're a physician, you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend their suicide."
On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care.
The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.
Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. “Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse.” He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear ... that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.”
1.From the first three paragraphs, we learn that_____________
A. doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients' pain.
B. it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives.
C. the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide.
D. patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide.
2.Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A. Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients' death.
B. Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.
C. The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.
D. A doctor's medication is no longer justified by his intentions.
3.Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive" (line 3, paragraph 7 ) ?
A. Bold. B. Harmful. C. Careless. D. Desperate.
4.George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they __________.
A. manage their patients incompetently
B. give patients more medicine than needed
C. reduce drug dosages for their patients
D. prolong the needless suffering of the patients
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Just how much does the Constitution （宪法）protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant （(授权令) if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.
California has asked the justices to restore the practice that the police may search through the contents of suspects' smartphones at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state says, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies .
The justices would be careless if they followed California's advice. They should start by rejecting California's weak argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone is similar to say, going through a suspect's wallet. The court has ruled that police don't offend against the Fourth Amendment（修正案） when they go through the wallet, of an arrestee without a warrant. In fact, exploring one's smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestee's reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence.
Americans should take steps to protect their own digital privacy and should avoid putting important information in smartphones. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution's prohibition on unreasonable searches.
In many cases, it would not be very difficult for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. They could still trump （打出王牌）the Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe and dangerous circumstances, such as the threat of immediate harm, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not deleted or altered while a warrant is on the way. The justices, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more flexibility.
But the justices should not swallow California's argument whole. New technology sometimes demands fresh applications of the Constitution's protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th. At that time, the justices had to explain new rules for the new personal domain （领域）of cars. Similarly, the justices must sort out how the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution applies to digital information now.
1.The author's attitude toward California's argument is one of ________
A.disapproval. B.tolerance.
C.indifference. D.cautiousness.
2.The author believes that exploring one's phone content is comparable to
A.scanning one's correspondences. B.handing one's historical records.
C.getting into one's residence. D.going through one's wallet.
3.In paragraph 4 and 5, the author shows his concern that
A.citizens' privacy is not effectively protected.
B.principles are hard to be clearly expressed.
C.phones are used to store sensitive information.
D.the court is giving police less room for action.
4.Orin Kerr's comparison is quoted to indicate that
A.the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.
B.Principles of the Constitution should never be changed.
C.California's argument violates principles of the Constitution.
D.New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant(执行令)if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.
California has asked the justices to restore the practice that the police may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.
The court would be careless if it followed California's advice. Enough of the implications are recognizable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.
They should start by casting away California's lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone-- a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspect's purse .The court has ruled that police don't violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook, of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one's smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestee's reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.
Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.
As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing. In many cases, it would not be very difficult for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. They could still ignore Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending. The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.
But the justices should not swallow California's argument whole. New, destructive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution's protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of cars; similarly, they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.
1.The Supreme Court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legal to ____.
A.search for suspects' mobile phones without a warrant
B.check suspects' phone contents without being authorized
C.prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents
D.prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones
2.The author's attitude toward California's argument is one of ____.
A.tolerance. B.indifference C.disapproval D.cautiousness
3.In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that ____.
A.principles are hard to be clearly expressed
B.the court is giving police less room for action
C.phones are used to store sensitive information
D.citizens' privacy is not effective protected
4.Orin Kerr's comparison is quoted to indicate that ____.
A.the Constitution should be carried out flexibly
B.New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution
C.California's argument violates principles of the Constitution
D.Principles of the Constitution should never be changed
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The candidate who is longing for election to the highest office in the United States must be native-born American citizen who is at least 35 years old and who has lived in the United States for at least 14 years. The election course is complicated, and the road to the Oval Office is long.
Potential candidates must present papers stating their intention to seek their party’s recommendation; delegates(代表) then choose from among those running some months later at the national conferences. Before that, however, each state holds a primary election that determines how the state’s voters want the party’s delegates to vote. Methods of choosing the delegates vary from state to state. At the conferences, there are speeches and often heated discussions. It may take several rounds of voting before delegates can agree on a candidate. On the final day of the meeting, the presidential candidate announces his or her choice for vice president.
Election Day, by law, is the Tuesday that follows the first Monday in November. On this day, registered voters may cast their votes for president, vice president, and candidates for other federal state, and local offices. The popular vote, however, does not determine who will be president. The president is chosen by a vote of the Electoral College, a group of 538 citizens from the 50 states and the District of Columbia who are chosen to cast votes for the president and vice president.
The rules for choosing electors, as with the delegates, vary. Each state also decides whether its electoral votes must reflect the popular vote. The number of electors in each state is determined by the number of representatives and senators that a state sends to Congress and, therefore, may change every 10 years, depending on the results of the United States census (人口普查). The winner must get at least 270 of the electoral votes when the Electoral College meets in December of the election year. The election results are not official, however, until the following January, when Congress meets in a joint conference to count the electoral votes.
At the end of the road to the Oval Office is the swearing-in ceremony, at which the new or reelected president takes the oath of office on January 20.
1.Which of the following is not a requirement for candidates for the presidency of the USA?
A. Minimum age of thirty-five years old.
B. Native of the United States of America.
C. Bottom residency of fourteen years in the State
D. Previous experience in an elective office.
2.According to the passage, we can conclude that _______.
A. ways to select the delegates of each state are very much the same in the USA.
B. the candidate who wins the popular vote will be the winner of the election
C. the change of a state’s population barely has effects on the presidential election.
D. the presidents of the United States are theoretically picked by the citizens directly.
3.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. The Various Ways of Presidential Election in the USA
B. The Qualifications for Being the President of the USA
C. The Process of the Election for the President of the USA
D. The Rules for Choosing Presidential Candidates in the USA
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The boys are still playing basketball happily on the court ______ it is raining heavily.
| A．in case | B．even though | C．as if | D．as long as |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
That company is bound to lose the case in court because no one can _______ their selling pirated software and breaking intellectual property.
A. justify B. testify C. confirm D. prove
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Kobe Bryant was at the peak of his career in 2013, controlling the court by spinning, shooting and scoring. Then suddenly, as he tried to use his way around a defensive guard, he started to limp and ____ . Before the game ended, Bryant fell again, and could ____ walk.
“I remember feeling the silence and ____ . This can be the end,” Bryant ____ in his documentary. His fears were ____ founded. He had ruptured（断裂）his left Achilles tendon（跟腱）. The kind of injury ____ US All-Star player Isiah Thomas’career.
Saying farewell to a sport you love is hard. ____ Bryant took an even harder, more painful route: His goodbye lasted for nearly three year. Seven months after his injury, he was back on the ____ again. But his performance never recovered. Bryant ____ the Lakers as the team and set a record with three season losses. Over the course of this season, he got the ____ rate for shooting accuracy in the league.
But for many, Bryant ____ a legend. He started out as a basketball gift who ____ college and took his talents directly to NBA. Fans remember him as the player who helped the Lakers ____ five NBA championships. However, the ____ fact is that the Lakers may have been better off if Kobe played less this season. Last month, they won a game ____ the Golden State Warriors. Bryant spent the fourth quarter of that game ____ on the bench. But the team has otherwise efforted to thank him for decades of ____ . As teammate D’Angelo Russell told CBS, their job this season is to “ ____ Kobe the ball”.
Bryant’s ____ game is scheduled for April 13 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles. For Bryant, the ____ is bitter and sweet.
1.A.rise B.fall C.climb D.stand
2.A.barely B.steadily C.totally D.smoothly
3.A.worry B.concern C.fear D.happiness
4.A.recalled B.retold C.reminded D.responded
5.A.badly B.well C.easily D.fully
6.A.ended B.began C.ignored D.lost
7.A.And B.So C.But D.Or
8.A.family B.team C.group D.court
9.A.won B.led C.lost D.taught
10.A.best B.worst C.greatest D.smallest
11.A.remains B.has C.needs D.works
12.A.went B.sent C.skipped D.left
13.A.lose B.win C.cancel D.ignore
14.A.happy B.frightening C.sad D.exciting
15.A.for B.in C.at D.against
16.A.waiting B.resting C.standing D.leaning
17.A.service B.labor C.job D.failure
18.A.handle B.hand C.keep D.leave
19.A.final B.wonderful C.early D.lasting
20.A.wish B.desire C.occasion D.secret
高三英语完形填空困难题查看答案及解析
—Kobe Bryant, the King of the Court, has suffered ______ he calls the worst ankle injury in his 16-year career.
—Will he rise again?
A. which B. that C. what D. when
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析