While it's no surprise that heavy drinking comes with health consequences, women in particular are more likely to suffer from alcohol—including an increased risk of alcohol-related death, according to a new study.
The study, published in the journal Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, looked at the death data of Americans 16 and older from 1999 to 2017. The researchers found nearly 1 million alcohol-related deaths in that time period and the largest annual increase of alcohol-related deaths occurred among Non-Hispanic white women.
"Historically, the most protective factor for women was that it was less common for women to drink a lot," Keith Humphreys, a professor of Stanford University tells Yahoo Lifestyle. "That was changed largely by alcohol companies. Women were targeted in advertising and it worked—and now women drink much more and now they're dying much more. ”
Excessive alcohol use can lead to several health problems over time—and women are particularly affected. "The risk of cirrhosis（肝硬化）and other alcohol-related liver diseases is higher for women than for men," according to the CDC. Drinking too much alcohol can also affect the brain, causing shrinkage（收缩）and memory loss. Research suggests that women are weaker than men to the brain damaging effects of alcohol abuse, and the damage tends to appear with shorter periods of excessive drinking for women than for men. Heavy drinking also influences heart health. The CDC states that studies show women who drink excessively have a higher risk of damaging the heart muscle than men, even for women drinking at lower levels.
The health consequences of drinking also develop more rapidly in women than in men. "You'll commonly see a woman who hasn't been drinking alcohol as long as men and the physical punishment comes faster,” says Humphreys.
1.How was the study done?
A.By doing experiments. B.By comparing data.
C.By watching closely. D.By asking and recording.
2.What's the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A.It explains the reasons for women to drink.
B.It compares the past and present of women.
C.It shows the newest finding about women drinking.
D.It comments on the terrible results of women drinking.
3.How many body parts of women may be damaged by excessive drinking?
A.Two. B.Three.
C.Four. D.Five.
4.What might be the best title for the passage?
A.Women, Suffer More from Drinking B.Drinking, Fashionable but Harmful
C.Drinking Does Harm to Health D.Men and Women, Drink Less
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
While it's no surprise that heavy drinking comes with health consequences, women in particular are more likely to suffer from alcohol—including an increased risk of alcohol-related death, according to a new study.
The study, published in the journal Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, looked at the death data of Americans 16 and older from 1999 to 2017. The researchers found nearly 1 million alcohol-related deaths in that time period and the largest annual increase of alcohol-related deaths occurred among Non-Hispanic white women.
"Historically, the most protective factor for women was that it was less common for women to drink a lot," Keith Humphreys, a professor of Stanford University tells Yahoo Lifestyle. "That was changed largely by alcohol companies. Women were targeted in advertising and it worked—and now women drink much more and now they're dying much more. ”
Excessive alcohol use can lead to several health problems over time—and women are particularly affected. "The risk of cirrhosis（肝硬化）and other alcohol-related liver diseases is higher for women than for men," according to the CDC. Drinking too much alcohol can also affect the brain, causing shrinkage（收缩）and memory loss. Research suggests that women are weaker than men to the brain damaging effects of alcohol abuse, and the damage tends to appear with shorter periods of excessive drinking for women than for men. Heavy drinking also influences heart health. The CDC states that studies show women who drink excessively have a higher risk of damaging the heart muscle than men, even for women drinking at lower levels.
The health consequences of drinking also develop more rapidly in women than in men. "You'll commonly see a woman who hasn't been drinking alcohol as long as men and the physical punishment comes faster,” says Humphreys.
1.How was the study done?
A.By doing experiments. B.By comparing data.
C.By watching closely. D.By asking and recording.
2.What's the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A.It explains the reasons for women to drink.
B.It compares the past and present of women.
C.It shows the newest finding about women drinking.
D.It comments on the terrible results of women drinking.
3.How many body parts of women may be damaged by excessive drinking?
A.Two. B.Three.
C.Four. D.Five.
4.What might be the best title for the passage?
A.Women, Suffer More from Drinking B.Drinking, Fashionable but Harmful
C.Drinking Does Harm to Health D.Men and Women, Drink Less
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
If what your friend comes up with surprise you, don’t reject it immediately. _____, imagine that it is true.
A．Thus B．Besides C．Rather D．Otherwise
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
If what your friend comes up with surprise you, don’t reject it immediately. _____, imagine that it is true.
A. Thus B. Besides C. Rather D. Otherwise
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
.If what your friend comes up with surprises you，don't reject it immediately._____，imagine that it is true.
A. Thus B．Besides C．Rather D．Otherwise
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
It is obvious that John is unhappy. _________, it comes as no surprise that she has decided to change her job.
| A．However | B．Otherwise | C．Moreover | D．Therefore |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
It doesn't come as a surprise to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can't remember it．You just waste your valuable time． 1 One dependable aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading．
Why does a clerk in a store go away when your reply to her offer to help is, "No, thank you．I'm just looking．"? Both you and she know that if you aren't sure what you want, you are not likely to find it．But suppose you say instead, "Yes, thank you．I want a pair of sun glasses．" She says, "Right this way, please．"
__2_ If you choose a book, "just looking" for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that—nothing．But if you do know what you want, you are almost sure to get it．Your reasons will vary; they will include reading or studying "to find out more about", "to understand the reasons for" and "to find out how"．
__3__ Before you start to study, you say to yourself something like this, "I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened to write about America"．Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate the information to your purpose and remember it better．
4 At least two important processes go on at the same time．As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and accurately．But at the same time you express your own ideas to yourself as you react to what you read．You have a kind of mental conversation with the author．
This additional process of thinking about what you read includes evaluating it, relating it to what you already know, and using it for your own purposes．__5__ One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts and opinions．Facts can be checked by evidence, Opinions are one's own personal reactions．Another part of critical reading is judging sources．Still another part is drawing accurate inferences．
A．Maybe you have already discovered some clever ways to keep yourself from forgetting．
B．It is important for students to have a positive attitude to their study．
C．You remember better when you know what you' re reading．
D．In other words, a good reader is a critical reader．
E．It’s quite the same with your studying．
F．Reading is not one single activity．
G．This is the way it works．
高三英语信息匹配中等难度题查看答案及解析
It should come as no surprise that England has some of the world’s most interesting attractions for literature lovers, from birthplace museums of some of the world’s most celebrated authors to everyday sports made famous through fictional accounts.
Bath
In England’s West County, not far from the border with Wales, the gorgeous Georgian town of Bath is an undisputed must-visit for fans. Some of the country’s most celebrated authors have lived (and written) here, including Mary Shelley, of Frankenstein fame, along with her poet husband, Percy Bysshe Shelly. However, the town’s best-known former resident is Jane Austen, who spent five miserable yeas in the spa town. The Jane Austen Centre and its Regency Tea Room are among Bath’s most-visited attractions, and there is a 10-day festival held every September that honors the writer and her work.
London
London has long been a favorite setting for English storytellers, and the capital city has appeared in countless stories and novels over the years, from Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales to Helen Fielding’s bestselling Bridget Jones books. Sherlock Homes had a flat on Baker Street in his crime-solving days, and you might know Soho as the home turf of the legendary Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.
Charles Dickens is perhaps the best-known(or at least most celebrated)author of the lot, and there are dozens of Dickensian London tours available to literature lovers. Scrooge keeps all office in Cornhill part of the City of London financial district, while Fleet Street makes an appearance in the Pickwick Papers and A Tale of Two Cities. Finally, Oliver Twist fans might remember that the Artful Dodger tricks young Oliver to reach Fagin’s den, located in Saffron Hill in Camden.
Stratford-upon-Avon
The birthplace of William Shakespeare, Stratford-upon-Avon, has built an entire tourism industry around the Bard. Although many of Shakespeare’s plays were set in faraway destinations such as Greece, Italy, Denmark and a make-believe island in the middle of the ocean, there are still plenty of attractions that fans won’t want to miss. Here You can visit Shakespeare’s birthplace along with the homes of his mother, daughter and granddaughter. Most visitors also make a point of catching a performance at the Royal Shakespeare Company.
And for the full Stratford experience, travelers can stay the night at one of the Towns many historic hotels; Billesley Manor Hotel is a popular choice, and rumor has it that Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway in a tiny chapel on the grounds way back in 1582.
1.What happens in every September of Bath?
A.A book exhibition. B.A movie show of Frankenstein.
C.A festival to honor Jane Austen. D.A tour to celebrate Mary Shelley’s birthday.
2.Which place may appeal to Oliver Twist fans most?
A.Oxford. B.London. C.Bath. D.Stratford-upon-Avon.
3.Who are likely to visit these places mentioned in the passage?
A.Literature fans. B.Film producers.
C.History researchers. D.Photography enthusiasts.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
In this age of environmental crises, perhaps it comes no surprise that Stella Bowles found one in her own backyard. What is unique is her_______to do something about it．
The 100-kilometre LaHave River passes through Stella's community of Upper LaHave. Back in 2015, the pretty waterway was considered by many locals_______ to swim in，but Stella wanted to know_______.The then 11-year-old was_______ to learn what was causing the pollution: human waste being cast_______into the water by hundreds of her neighbors．
"I was _______ , " Stella says, when she found out 600 homes were using straight-pipes to pump waste from toilet to river without any filtration（过滤）. She decided to _____the problem for her Grade 6 science project. With the help of a retired local physician, Stella learned how to_______ the water in the LaHave. _______, her results showed contamination （污染） way above Health Canada guidelines. _______ , locals were boating on the river without knowing they were ______the potential danger of infection．
Stella began to raise _______ about the LaHave's contamination problem. Soon she was making local headlines and trying to _______politicians．Finally，in spring 2017， all levels of governments _______ to remove all straight-pipes in Nova Scotia by 2023．
The LaHave _______isn't safe for swimming, but it should be safe for the sixth graders of Upper LaHave's future. Stella, now 14, continues to _______ more rigid rules to protect the river and this year travelled around her province to teach other kids how to test their local waterways and _______ for better care．
In August, thanks to her excellent work，Stella_______ an International Eco-Hero Award, which _______ the efforts of environmental youth activists. "I never thought I'd be where I am today _______ a science project，" says Stella, who is considering a career in environmental law．
1.A.chance B.regret C.determination D.imagination
2.A.unfit B.perfect C.easy D.unpopular
3.A.when B.why C.how D.where
4.A.proud B.upset C.satisfied D.relieved
5.A.suddenly B.carefully C.directly D.quickly
6.A.confident B.curious C.excited D.sick
7.A.look into B.refer to C.point out D.set aside
8.A.heat B.protect C.store D.test
9.A.Normally B.Unfortunately C.Naturally D.Strangely
10.A.Therefore B.Otherwise C.Moreover D.However
11.A.avoiding B.causing C.facing D.sensing
12.A.awareness B.doubts C.fears D.cash
13.A.ignore B.respect C.convince D.follow
14.A.agreed B.failed C.pretended D.happened
15.A.just B.still C.even D.yet
16.A.approve B.attempt C.persuade D.demand
17.A.call B.allow C.answer D.wait
18.A.missed B.refused C.earned D.presented
19.A.demands B.assesses C.collects D.recognizes
20.A.apart from B.because of C.instead of D.far from
高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
With around 100 students scheduled to be in that 9 am Monday morning lecture, it is no surprise that almost 20 people actually make it to the class and only 10 of them are still awake after the first 15 minutes; it is not even a surprise that most of them are still in their pyjamas(睡衣). Obviously, students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule.
All human beings possess a body clock. Along with other alerting(警报)systems, this governs the sleep/wake cycle and is therefore one of the main processes which govern sleep behaviour. Typically, the preferred sleep/wake cycle is delayed in adolescents, which leads to many students not feeling sleepy until much later in the evenings. This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to as the“night owl”schedule of sleep.
This is opposed to the“early bird”schedule, and is a kind of disorder where the individual tends to stay up much past midnight. Such a person has great difficulty in waking up in the mornings. Research suggests that night owls feel most alert and function best in the evenings and at night. Research findings have shown that about 20 percent of people can be classified as“night owls”and only 10 percent can be classified as“early birds”—the other 70 percent are in the middle. Although this is clearly not true for all students, for the ones who are true night owls this gives them an excellent excuse for missing their lectures which unfortunately fall before midday.
1. What does the author stress in Paragraph 1?
A. Many students are absent from class.
B. Students are very tired on Monday mornings.
C. Students do not adjust their sleep patterns well.
D. Students are not well prepared for class on Mondays.
2.Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2?
A. Most students prefer to get up late in the morning.
B. Students don’t sleep well because of alerting systems.
C. One’s body clock governs the sleep/wake cycle independently.
D. Adolescents’delayed sleep/wake cycle isn’t the preferred pattern.
3.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “classified”?
A. Criticised. B. Grouped. C. Organised. D. Named.
4.What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Functions of the body clock.
B. The “night owl” phenomenon.
C. Human beings’ sleep behaviour.
D. The school schedule of “early birds”.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Summer is here, and with it comes a chance you'll get too much sun. While there's no cure for sunburn, a small but fascinating new study suggests taking large amounts of vitamin D after exposure may prevent the associated redness and inflammation (发炎).
In the paper, researchers exposed 20 volunteers to a light resembling solar radiation to induce a sunburn on a small piece of skin. They then gave the ''burn victims'' large amounts of vitamin D, and followed up with participants one, two and three days (and a week) later to measure skin redness and thickness. The researchers found that vitamin D decreased inflammation and redness, compared with taking a placebo (安慰剂). And this effect increased in proportion to how much was consumed. Vitamin D also appears to increase the activity of a gene called arginase-1, which is involved in tissue repair and healing. Taking 50, 000 international units (IU) of vitamin D--125 times the recommended daily allowance-led to a significant reduction in redness and inflammation, compared with the placebo. Those who took 100,000 IU had even less redness and pain; and those who took 200, 000 IU had the greatest reduction in inflammation.
This is the first study to show vitamin D can reduce inflammation, and suggests that it ''could potentially help prevent sunburn, '' says senior author Kurt Lu, a physician scientist and assistant professor at Case Western Reserve University.
It used to be thought vitamin D was primarily involved in building healthy bones and muscles, but recent research has found it has many more roles, including influencing inflammation, such as the kind associated with sunburns.
So, if you get burned, should you take a lot of vitamin D? The study authors don't recommend it. ''I think that's probably not a good idea and not well established by this study, '' says Barbara Gilchrest, a physician scientist at Massachusetts General Hospital. Such large amounts, if taken repeatedly, have the potential to cause vitamin D toxicity (毒性).
1.What does this passage mainly talk about?
A.An unusual method for relieving sunburn.
B.Tips for how to travel safely in summer.
C.A suggestion on taking vitamin D properly.
D.Advice on how to take medicine effectively.
2.How do the researchers confirm the healing effect of taking vitamin D?
A.By observing the inflammation of skin every day.
B.By measuring the thickness of skin after a week.
C.By increasing the daily volume of vitamin
D.By comparing the effect with that of placebo.
3.Figures are used in paragraph 2 in order to ______.
A.recommend the daily intake
B.argue against the benefits of more Vitamin D
C.show the more Vitamin D, the greater benefits
D.stress the potential danger of too much Vitamin D
4.What can be inferred about the function of vitamin D?
A.Repeatedly taking large amounts of Vitamin D is beneficial.
B.Vitamin D may bring more advantages to us than what has been found out.
C.Don't take vitamin D unless your doctor approves you to do it.
D.Vitamin D is more useful for curing sunburn than building healthy bones.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析