Researchers have confirmed that there are sev...

Researchers have confirmed that there are several effective methods for cleaning the N95 masks worn by health professional so that they can be used more than once,the National Institutes of Health announced Wednesday.

A research already showed that the masks,designed for one-time use,can be reused in a crisis.And the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in March authorized reuse because of shortages driven by the Covid-19 pandemic.

None of these rules or methods are intended for the cloth masks recommended or in some locations required for use by everyone in public.

Earlier research had not,of course,involved the new coronavirus.The new research determined which cleaning procedures were most effective.

N.I.H.publicized the study because it could be helpful to health care professionals in the crisis.Dr.Munster and his colleagues tested four methods of killing the virus:UV light,dry heat, vaporized hydrogen peroxide(YHP)(汽化过氧化氢）and ethyl(乙醇）alcohol.Of those methods,they did not recommend ethyl alcohol because although it killed the virus,it degraded the mask material.

Vaporized hydrogen peroxide,a method often available in large hospitals,was effective, and left the masks still functioning for at least three rounds of cleaning,as did UV light.

Dry heat,at 70C,was effective,but the masks withstood only two rounds of cleaning.Dr. Munster said that"vaporized hydrogen peroxide would be the method of choice if that's available."However,he said,a nursing home might not have that,while for dry heat,what's needed is basically an oven.

Another recent study from Canadian researchers confirmed the value of cleaning.It included masks of different brands and found that the material of the mask was still effective after 10 rounds of vaporized hydrogen peroxide cleaning.

The findings are intended to be useful for health care workers wearing N95 masks.With personal protective equipment in short supply at many overwhelmed hospitals,some front-line workers have complained that masks were rationed.

The public has been advised not to use or try to buy N95 masks because they would be preventing health care workers from having lifesaving equipment.

1.Of the different cleaning procedures of N95 masks,which one is the least effective?

A.UV light B.dry heat

C.vaporized hydrogen peroxide(VHP) D.ethyl alcohol

2.In a dictionary,the underlined word"ration”has the.following explanations.Which explanation do you think agrees with the context?

A.a fixed allowance of something that is scarce

B.the amount of something one normally has

C.to assign to someone for a particular purpose.

D.to restrict the distribution of something

3.What's the main idea of the passage?

A.The public has been advised not to use N95 masks.

B.The health care workers are in great need of N95 masks.

C.N.I.H.announced N95 masks can be reused if cleaned effectively.

D.Personal protective equipment is in short supply at many hospitals.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds. (2) citrus(柑桔) fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables; (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal(谷类), rice is also in this kind of food; (7) butter, or something like butter.

Paragraph 2

People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn’t matter whether foods are eaten raw(生的) or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesn’t matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o’clock in the afternoon or at eleven o’clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.

Paragraph 3

There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first is to find some ways to feed the world’s population so that no one is hungry.

The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.

1.According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?

A. chicken, apples, cereal, cabbages

B. potatoes, carrots, rice, bread

C. oranges, bananas, fish, tomatoes

D. beef, pork, fish, milk

2.It is important for people to eat _______.

A. three times a day

B. dinner at twelve o’clock

C. cooked food all the day

D. something from each of the seven kinds of food every day

3.People in different countries and different places of the world _______.

A. has the right kinds of food to eat

B. cooks their food in the same way

C. has their meals at the same time

D. eat food in different ways

4.If there is Paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about?

A. When people eat their lunch

B. What to do with the two problems

C. How to cook food in different ways

D. Why people eat different kinds of food

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Dreaming is believing, claim researchers of a new study, who found that dreams have an effect on people’s behavior, judgment and they might contain important hidden truths as well.

“Psychologists’ explanations of the meaning of dreams vary widely. But our findings show that people believe their dreams provide meaningful insight into themselves and their world,” said a lead author of the study Carey Morewedge, an assistant professor at Carnegie Mellon University.

In six different studies, researchers surveyed nearly 1,100 people about their dreams. One of the studies focused on general beliefs about dreams and involved 149 university students. All students were asked to rate different theories about dreams. The experts found that a surprising majority of the participants supported the theory about dreams revealing (揭示) the hidden truths about themselves and the rest of the world.

In a second experiment, they surveyed 182 people at a Boston train station, and asked them to imagine one out of four possible situation that could have occurred the night before a scheduled airline trip. Most of the participants said that dreaming of a plane crash would be more likely to affect their travel plans than would just thinking about a crash, or being warned by the government of a terrorism risk. They said a dreamed crash would influence their travel plans just as much as learning about a real crash on their planned route would.

Another experiment involved 270 men and women from across the United States. In a short online survey, they were asked to recall one of the dreams they had seen about any person they knew.

The findings showed that people were more likely to remember and describe pleasant dreams about a person they liked, rather than a person they disliked. Meanwhile, in most cases they tended to consider an unpleasant dream as more meaningful if it was about a person they disliked.

“In other words,” said Morewedge, “people attribute meaning to dreams when it corresponds (与……一致) with their pre-existing beliefs and desires.”

The researchers say that more investigation is needed to fully understand how people interpret their dreams. According to Morewedge, most people realize that dreams are not predicting their future, but they still try to find some meaning in there.

1.. The purpose of the studies is to ________.

A. determine when people tend to remember their dreams

B. research whether dreams have anything to do with real life

C. find out how people explain their dreams and what impact that has

D. understand what causes people to dream and how to interpret dreams

2. According to the second experiment, what might influence people’s travel plans most?

A. Thinking about a past plane crash.

B. Dreaming about a plane crash.

C. Hearing a government’s warning of a terrorism risk.

D. Imagining a plane crashing on their planned route.

3.. What can be concluded from the study?

A. Dreams can be a useful tool for learning and problem solving.

B. Most people disagree that dreams help them better know themselves and the world.

C. A majority of people believes that dreams can predict their future and try to find their meaning.

D. When a dream conflicts with people’s existing beliefs and desires, they tend to attribute less meaning to it.

4.. Which kind of dream is seen as more meaningful than the rest?

A. A pleasant dream about a person the dreamer likes.

B. A pleasant dream about a person the dreamer dislikes

C. An unpleasant dream about a person the dreamer likes.

D. An unpleasant dream about a person the dreamer dislikes.

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

For years, researchers have looked into a possible relationship between heat and violence. There are conflicting results over whether there is an actual connection between rising anger and rising temperature, but the murder rate constantly increases during the months of July and August, according to the FBI's annual crime report.

Many police chiefs say they put more policemen on the streets when the heat rises. “Calls for service always increase from May, June, July to August，” said New Bedford's Captain Richard Spiriet. “The longer period of time you have the heat, the worse it is. It's just the opposite in the winter time.”

Craig Anderson, a professor and specialist in social psychology at Iowa State University, argues the evidence is clear. “As the temperature goes up, people become more uncomfortable. They become easier to get angry，” he said. “That increases the possibility that a small conflict will be interpreted as more major.” Anderson conducted a couple of studies looking at crime rates over the course of several years within the same area to see when most violent crimes occurred. He found that violent crimes were more likely to occur on hot days and hot months—even hot years had higher violent rates than cold years, according to his research.

Other researches show it is not so much the physical climate, but rather the social climate, that causes increased violence. “During the summer months, people stay up later. They talk with their neighbours. They party with their friends，” said Jack Levin, director of the Brudnick Centre on Violence and Conflict at Northeastern University. “It is more likely to be large numbers of people interacting, and they are more likely to argue.”

Perhaps the realization that there is a link will help spur people in an argument step back and say “Let's cool off.”—both literally(字面上地) and figuratively(比喻地)．

高三英语填空题中等难度题查看答案及解析

There are new findings that not enough sleep may cause people to gain weight. Researchers say a lack of sleep can produce hormonal(激素的) changes that increase feelings of hunger.

In one study, researchers in the United States examined information on more than 1000 people. The people had taken part in a long-term study of sleep disorders.

Some people slept less than five hours a night. They had 15 percent higher blood levels of a hormone called ghrelin than people who slept eight hours. And they had 15 percent less of the hormone leptin. Experts say ghrelin helps make people feel hungry; leptin makes you feel full.

The scientists say these hormonal changes may be a cause of obesity in Western societies. They note the combination that sleep limitation is common and food is widely available.

The results were not affected by how much people exercised. People who are awake longer have more time to burn energy. But the researchers say loss of sleep may increase hunger especially for high-calorie foods, so people gain weight. It seems that, for survival, the body may be designed to store more fat during times with less sleep.

Researchers from Stanford University in California and the University of Wisconsin did the study. They found that the best amount of sleep for weight control is 7.7 hours a night.The Public Library of Science published the findings in its journal Medicine . Internet users can read the full study, free of charge, at plos. org.

1.Not enough sleep can cause obesity by ______.

A. burning more of your energy

B. making you want to eat more food

C. keeping you from doing exercise

D. helping you feel great without food

2.When you sleep 7.7 hours a night, you will ______ .

A. have your ghrelin level rise and leptin level drop

B.have your leptin level rise and ghrelin level drop

C.have your ghretin and leptin levels properly balanced

D.have your hunger increase and your weight decrease

3.You can read the findings________

A. Only on the Internet

B. only in Medicine

C. Both on the Internet and in Medicine

D. Neither on the Internet nor in Medicine

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Policemen think that where there is violence , drugs with damaging effects on kids are always ______ it．

A．beyond            B．before        C．behind           D．besides

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

In a new study of African elephants，researchers have________four distinct characters that are among a group.

A．convinced         B．identified          C．differed           D．existed

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Dolphin or not a dolphin? That is the question! You see，there are several types of dolphins．Some are saltwater dolphins while others are river dolphins．

“What are the 32 types of dolphins?”When people are asking the question，they are actually referring to the saltwater dolphins in oceans and seas．The river dolphins living in fresh water are not included in these species．But what would be the answer in this case if we ask．“Dolphin or not a dolphin?”The answer would obviously be yes．River dolphins still belong to the dolphin family．

Among the 32 types of dolphins do not actually wear the word“dolphin”in their names，such as the tucuxi，while others actually have the word“whale”as part of their names even if they are not whales but in fact，belong to the dolphin family，for example，the melon-headed whale and the killer whale．So what would be the answer to the question“Dolphin or not a dolphin?”in these cases? It would’be yes．All these species do belong to the dolphin family．

Another question that people ask is．“Are the sea animals that perform at aquariums(水族馆)all dolphins?”So，it always seems to come back to the question，“Dolphin or not a dolphin?”Well the answer is no in this case．The sea animals that perform there are not all dolphins．The beluga which people tend to think belong to the dolphin family because they show what seems like a smile，like most dolphins，are in fact a species of the whale family．

Now that you read these facts about dolphins，you probably realize that certain sea animals may appear to be part of the dolphin species and that others seem to be part of the whale family but in either case，it is not obvious and can be surprising when you identify a sea animal as being a dolphin or not a dolphin．That is the question ！

1.Which of the following statements about dolphins is RIGHT according to the passage?

A. The tucuxi is a type of dolphin living in rivers．

B. There are 32 types of dolphins in the world altogether．

C. All the sea animals that perfom at aquariums are dolphins．

D. The melon-headed whale and the killer whale actually belong to the dolphin family．

2.What do we know about the majority of the dolphins?

A. They appear friendly．　　 B. They perform for audience．

C. They look like whales．　　 D. They live in fresh water．

3.What could be added about dolphins before the last paragraph if you were the author?

A. The living areas of dolphins．

B. Training of dolphins at aquariums．

C. The eating habits of dolphins．

D. Further identification of dolphins．

4.This article can be classified as_________．

A. a news report　　 B. 1iterary fiction

C. popular science　　 D. a travel diary

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Playing a sport is________more than feeling tired．There are ____ effects that you feel after you play it．

A．few; some       B．less; many      C．little; a lot of               D．much; many

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

As children begin to head back to school, there are several things that you can do to make sure that your child stays healthy and performs at their peak potential during the school year.

　　　 1．Make sure your child is up to date on their immunizations(免疫)．The summer is a good time to schedule visits to the doctor’s as your child is not in school, and the visit won’t require that your child miss school days.

　　　 2．Encourage proper nutrition．America faces childhood obesity(肥胖)．This means that the percentage of overweight children is increasing each year, and this will place your child at risk of developing a variety of diseases when they are middle age or even young adults．You can start helping your child to become healthier by offering fruits and vegetables at home instead of calorie heavy potato chips and candy.

　　　 3．Get your child involved in sports activities．Activities in high school such as track and cross-country are important for socialization for your child, as well as helping to improve their health．You can get your child interested in wholesome activities by discussing with them how you enjoyed similar activities in high school.

　　　 4．Have the birds and the bees conversation with your child．Many children become sexually active in junior school and senior high school, and the sooner you discuss sex with your child the sooner they will be prepared．Tell your child that there is always the possibility of infecting a sexual disease when two people have sex; and discuss with your child the use of condoms．The sooner you start having this embarrassing situation the better.

　　　 5．Know your child’s friends．You can do this by inviting your child to bring their friends over to your house for a pizza night, or by chatting with them when they stop by your house．If you find your child’s friend has a bad reputation, then you could consider introducing your child to a different network of people, such as through the girl/boy scouts．Forbidding your child from seeing a certain person may only lead them to rebel and become closer to that person.

　　　 6．Discuss with your child the seriousness of drug use and abuse．Your child may not realize that using drugs can have serious consequences．Your child may get the false impression that drug use is his right．Explain to a child that saying no to drugs is their right, and that anybody offering them drugs is not their friend.

　　　 7．Help your child to avoid a life long smoking addiction by discussing with them the consequences of smoking．The sad fact is that most smokers became addicted when they were in their teenage years, and are unable to quit for long periods of time and often die many years earlier due to their smoking habit which increases the risk of lung cancer, heart disease, and a variety of medical conditions．Even if you are a smoker yourself, you can discuss with your child about how damaging smoking can be on a person’s health.

　　　 8．Impress upon your child the importance of traffic rules．Tell them that it is OK to wear a seat belt in anyone’s car, because it may save their life one day．If your child rides a bicycle or a skateboard, then discuss with them the importance of always wearing a helmet．As you child becomes qualified for driver’s permit, you should discuss with them the importance of prevention from drinking and driving.

　　　 9．Be cautious about signs of depression in childhood．A surprisingly large number of children may become depressed, and a small number of teenagers and children commit suicide(自杀) each year．Realize that any signs of unusual depressed mood, angry outbursts, suicidal comments, feelings of hopelessness, and loss of enjoyment of activities with friends may be signs of depression.

1.What topic is NOT discussed in this passage?

A． Traffic　　　　 　　 B． Smoking

C． Depression　　 D． Study

2.The first three tips focus on children’s 　　　　　　 .

A． medical care　　　　　 B． nutritious food

C． physical health　　　 D． sports activities

3.“Have the birds and the bees conversation with your child” means “　　　　　 ” .

A． have a humorous talk to children about sex

B． tell children stories about the animal world

C． give a formal expert education to children

D． deliver lectures to children on sex diseases

4.This passage is meant for parents to 　　　　　　 .

A． teach their children to behave well

B． prepare their children for a new term

C． educate their children after school

D． train their children for special ability

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析