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Brown bears have stopped eating salmon（鲑鱼）in favor of elderberries after being forced to make a choice due to climate change. Warming temperatures mean that the berries are ripening earlier than usual, at exactly the same time as the freshwater streams on Alaska’s Kodiak Island are over flowing with salmon.
The island’s brown bears typically feed first on salmon in early summer, followed by elderberries later in the season, in late August and September.
“What you have is a scrambling of the schedule,” said William Deacy, a biologist at Oregon State University that studied the phenomenon.
“It’s essentially like if breakfast and lunch were served at the same time and then there is nothing to eat until dinner. You have to choose between breakfast and lunch because you can only eat so much at a time.”
The study found that during the unusually warm summer of 2014, the bears, which would traditionally kill up to 75 percent of the salmon, were nowhere to be seen near the streams. Instead, they were in the hills busy munching on berries, which contain less protein and therefore take less energy to break down, causing them to gain weight more quickly.
Biologists warned that changes caused by a warming planet were behind the bears’ unusual behavior and could affect the entire ecosystem.
The researchers found that the forests around the streams suffered because the bears’ fish carcasses（残骸）were no longer there to enrich the soil.
“Bears switched from eating salmon to elderberries, disturbing an ecological link that typically fertilizes the ecosystems and generates high death rates for salmon,” the study said. On average, red elderberries are said to be ripening two and a half days earlier every decade. If the pattern continues, they will regularly overlap（重叠）with the salmon by 2070.
1.Brown bears have begun to favor ________ because of the climate change.
A.salmon
B.elderberries
C.warm temperatures
D.fresh water
2.What does William Deacy mean by saying the underlined sentence?
A.Brown bears eat their breakfast and lunch at the same time.
B.We’re facing a hard problem with choosing the meals.
C.Climate change is disturbing the bears’ eating habits.
D.People’s biological clocks are changing regularly.
3.Which of the following words can best describe the phenomenon?
A.Natural. B.Unusual.
C.Amazing. D.Typical.
4.The finding of the study shows us that ________.
A.brown bears may become bigger and bigger
B.there will be a higher death rate for the salmon
C.red elderberries will probably be ripening in summer
D.the changes of bears’ behavior could affect the entire ecosystem
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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The damming of river systems in the northwestern United States has had damaging effects on salmon(鲑鱼). In the spring young salmon, called smolts, drift into rivers from smaller streams. They swim with the current downstream heading for the Pacific Ocean. Before the large-scale constructions of dams(水坝), the young salmon used the strong flow from melting snows to get to the sea in between six and twenty days. It is necessary to do this because during these days the smolts’ bodies undergo the physiological changes for adaptation to salt water.
Unfortunately, the current has become very slow due to the construction of numerous dams. Companies operating the dams also intentionally slow the current. They store the water from the melting snow until the winter, when more electric power is needed. The net result is that many of the young fish do not survive the now sixty-day trip to the sea. Consequently, there are fewer adult salmon to migrate(回游) back up the rivers for breeding. When the time comes for the salmon to return, they again face the problem of dams. As fewer adult salmon are able to get back to their cool upstream water, they fail to produce a sufficiently new generation of salmon. This cycle could eventually lead to the extinction of the fish.
Attempts are being made to transport the young salmon down river by boats. However, many scientists think that this artificial method of getting the fish to the sea kills more than it saves. Another suggestion, recently proposed by environmentalists, is to increase the rate of water flow. This would be a partial（部分的） solution to the declining salmon numbers. One method of doing this would call for releasing water from upstream dam. This would speed up the downstream movement of the smolts.
Another method would be to reduce the water level in the dams for a period in the spring when the smolts are migrating downstream. This would also increase the flow rate temporarily without requiring large amounts of water and, thus, enable the young salmon to move downstream faster. Unfortunately, both of these proposals have met with criticism from the power companies, which strongly suggests the uncertain fate of the salmon in the region.
76. What’s the main topic of the passage?
A. The failure of adult salmon to reproduce.
B. The importance of smolts returning upstream.
C. The need for smolts to reach salt water quickly.
D. The harm caused to salmon by river damming.
77. The passage discusses all of the following methods of dealing with salmon issue EXCEPT _____.
A. carrying the fish in boats
B. allowing water to be released from upstream dams
C. dropping water levels in dams
D. breeding salmon
78. In paragraph 3, what does the author mean by the statement that many scientists think that this artificial method of getting the fish to the sea kills more than it saves?
A. Saving fish is artificial.
B. More fish die when transported than would die otherwise
C. Artificial methods of transportation give salmon the chance to get adapted to salt water.
D. The sea kills more fish than are saved by transportation.
79. Which of the following statements would the author most probably agree with?
A. The salmon problem is likely to continue.
B. A solution to the salmon problem will be found in the near future.
C. Salmon will be extinct very quickly.
D. The government should step in and provide a way out.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
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—I’d like to have a chance, someday, to return your favor of paying for my lunch
yesterday.
—_______. You are my best friend.
A. Thanks anyway B. Go ahead
C. Take care D. Forget it
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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—Excuse me , Victor, but I have a favor to ask of you
---_____
A.Ask , please B.My please
C.Go ahead D.Good for you
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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C
Justin Bieber may have millions of fans worldwide, but Russia’s bears don’t appear to admire the pop singer’s music --- which proved fortunate for one lucky fisherman.
Igor Vorozhbitsyn had his life saved by a Justin Bieber ringtone, when his mobile phone went off during a dangerous attack by a brown bear.
The 42-year-old was attacked as he was walking to a favourite fishing spot in northern Russia’s Yakutia Republic and firmly believed that he was going to be killed.
Wildlife experts believe the ringtone must have frightened the bear into stopping its attack.
‘Sometimes a sharp shock can stop an angry bear in its attack and that ringtone would be a very unexpected sound for a bear,’ explained one.
Mr Vorozhbitsyn suffered from cuts and severe wounds and was rescued when he was found by other fishermen after using the phone to call for help.
Mr Vorozhbitsyn ---now recovering from his wounds---explained: ‘I had parked my car and was walking towards the spot I’d marked out when there was a tremendous impact on my back and the bear was on top of me.’
‘I couldn’t believe my luck when the phone went off and it run away.’
‘I know that sort of ringtone isn’t to everyone’s taste but my granddaughter loaded it onto my phone for a joke,’ he added.
Adult brown bears can weigh as much as 600kg and have been known to kill wolves and even Siberian tigers.
Finally, this is a proof that Justin Bieber is unbearable
1.Igor Vorozhbitsyn was attacked when____.
A. he was fishing at his favourite fishing spot.
B. he was walking towards his favourite fishing spot.
C. he was phoning his granddaughter.
D. he was driving to his favourite fishing spot.
2.The bear stopped attacking because___.
A. Justin Bieber came to rescue Igor Vorozhbitsyn.
B. Justin Bieber sang to it.
C. Justin Bieber’s ringtone was a sudden fright to it.
D. Igor Vorozhbitsyn’s mobile phone was a sudden fright to it.
3.What is the writer’s attitude towards Justin Bieber?
A. positive B. negative C. neutral (中立的) D. not mentioned
4.What does the last paragraph imply?
A. Justin Bieber’s music is popular all over the world.
B. Justin Bieber’s music is life-saving.
C. Justin Bieber’s music is threatening.
D. Even bears cannot stand Justin Bieber’s music.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
-
Justin Bieber may have millions of fans worldwide, but Russia’s bears don’t appear to admire the pop singer’s music --- which proved fortunate for one lucky fisherman.
Igor Vorozhbitsyn had his life saved by a Justin Bieber ringtone, when his mobile phone went off during a dangerous attack by a brown bear.
The 42-year-old was attacked as he was walking to a favourite fishing spot in northern Russia’s Yakutia Republic and firmly believed that he was going to be killed.
Wildlife experts believe the ringtone must have frightened the bear into stopping its attack.
‘Sometimes a sharp shock can stop an angry bear in its attack and that ringtone would be a very unexpected sound for a bear,’ explained one．
Mr Vorozhbitsyn suffered from cuts and severe wounds and was rescued when he was found by other fishermen after using the phone to call for help.
Mr Vorozhbitsyn ---now recovering from his wounds---explained: ‘I had parked my car and was walking towards the spot I’d marked out when there was a tremendous impact on my back and the bear was on top of me.’
‘I couldn’t believe my luck when the phone went off and it run away.’
‘I know that sort of ringtone isn’t to everyone’s taste but my granddaughter loaded it onto my phone for a joke,’ he added.
Adult brown bears can weigh as much as 600kg and have been known to kill wolves and even Siberian tigers.
Finally, this is a proof that Justin Bieber is unbearable
1.Igor Vorozhbitsyn was attacked when____.
A．he was fishing at his favourite fishing spot.
B．he was walking towards his favourite fishing spot.
C．he was phoning his granddaughter.
D．he was driving to his favourite fishing spot.
2.The bear stopped attacking because___.
A．Justin Bieber came to rescue Igor Vorozhbitsyn.
B．Justin Bieber sang to it.
C．Justin Bieber’s ringtone was a sudden fright to it.
D．Igor Vorozhbitsyn’s mobile phone was a sudden fright to it.
3.What is the writer’s attitude towards Justin Bieber?
A．positive
B．negative
C．neutral (中立的)
D．not mentioned
4.What does the last paragraph imply?
A．Justin Bieber’s music is popular all over the world.
B．Justin Bieber’s music is life-saving.
C．Justin Bieber’s music is threatening.
D．Even bears cannot stand Justin Bieber’s music.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Trip 1 Black Bear Count
There have been fires in this area in the last few years and the Office of the National Park is not sure how many black bears are still living. Some bears have been seen since the fires, and the Office has asked for young people to help count them. The entire trip will last three hours. Bookings necessary.
Cost: Free When: May 8
Trip 2 Garland Valley
Bring your drink and lunch for this walk in a beautiful area of the Blue Mountains. Garland Valley is close to the town of Garland but is part of the National Park. Many wild animals live in this area, including many rare birds. This is a great walk for bird-lovers. The trip lasts four hours. Bookings necessary.
Cost: 15 When: May 8, May 15
Trip 3 Flashlight Adventure
Put on your warm clothes, bring a flashlight and a pair of glasses, and come for a night walk along the Dungog Valley. A guide will lead the tour. Many of the animals you will see on this trip can only be seen at night. The guide will tell you about the lives of the animals you see. Numbers are strictly limited on night trips, so be sure to book early. This walk lasts two and a half hours.
Cost: 12 When: May 8, May 15, May 22
Equipment to be needed:
Please bring enough water and food for all walks.
Wear good walking shoes--no high heels.
Wear a hat for day walks.
Dress warmly for night walks.
Children must be with an adult. Make sure your flashlight works well and bring extra batteries for night walks. Follow all instructions from guides during the walks. The mountains are a dangerous place.Bookings:
Bookings for the above trips can be made by telephone (893-4847) or on the Internet at www. blue-mountaintour.com.1.Where are these trips?
A. In a large valley. B. In a park in the mountains.
C. In a special kind of zoo. D. In three different countries.
2.On which trip might you see animals that sleep during the day?
A. Black Bear Count. B. Garland Valley.
C. Flashlight Adventure. D. None of the trips.
3.Which of the following is NOT necessary for the three trips?
A. Good walking shoes. B. Plenty of batteries.
C. Food and water. D. A sleeping bag.
4.What is the best title for the passage?
A. Adventure travel in America.
B. Hunting around the Great Mountains.
C. Interesting trips in the East of the USA.
D. Discovery trips in the Blue Mountains.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Trip 1 Black Bear Count
There have been fires in this area in the last few years and the Office of the National Park is not sure how many black bears are still living. Some bears have been seen since the fires, and the Office has asked for young people to help count them. The entire trip will last three hours. Bookings necessary.
Cost: Free When: May 8
Trip 2 Garland Valley
Bring your drink and lunch for this walk in a beautiful area of the Blue Mountains. Garland Valley is close to the town of Garland but is part of the National Park. Many wild animals live in this area, including many rare birds. This is a great walk for bird-lovers. The trip lasts four hours. Bookings necessary.
Cost: $ 15 When: May 8, May 15
Trip 3 Flashlight Adventure
Put on your warm clothes, bring a flashlight and a pair of glasses, and come for a night walk along the Dungog Valley. A guide will lead the tour. Many of the animals you will see on this trip can only be seen at night. The guide will tell you about the lives of the animals you see. Numbers are strictly limited on night trips, so be sure to book early. This walk lasts two and a half hours.
Cost: $ 12 When: May 8, May 15, May22
Equipment to be needed:
•Please bring enough water and food for all walks.
•Wear good walking shoes—no high heels.
•Wear a hat for day walks.
•Dress warmly for night walks.
•Children must be with an adult.
•Make sure your flashlight works well and bring extra batteries for night walks.
•Follow all instructions from guides during the walks. The mountains are a dangerous place.
Bookings:
Bookings for the above trips can be traded by telephone (893 — 4847) or on the Internet at www. Bluemountaintour. com
1.Where are these trips?
A. In a large city. B. In a park in the mountains.
C. In a special kind of zoo. D. In three different countries.
2.On which trip might you see animals that sleep during the day?
A. Black Bear Count B. Garland Valley
C. Flashlight Adventure D. None of the trips.
3.Which of the following is NOT necessary for the three trips?
A. Good walking shoes B. A pair of glasses
C. Food and water D. A sleeping-bag
4.What is the best title for the passage?
A. Adventure Travel in America
B. Hunting around the Great Mountains
C. Interesting Trips in the East of the USA
D. Discovery Trips in the Blue Mountains
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
-
Trip 1 Black Bear Count
There have been fires in this area in the last few years and the Office of the National Park is not sure how many black bears are still living. Some bears have been seen since the fires, and the Office has asked for young people to help count them. The entire trip will last three hours. Bookings necessary.
Cost: Free When: May 8
Trip 2 Garland Valley
Bring your drink and lunch for this walk in a beautiful area of the Blue Mountains. Garland Valley is close to the town of Garland but is part of the National Park. Many wild animals live in this area, including many rare birds. This is a great walk for bird-lovers. The trip lasts four hours. Bookings necessary.
Cost: $ 15 When: May 8, May 15
Trip 3 Flashlight Adventure
Put on your warm clothes, bring a flashlight and a pair of glasses, and come for a night walk along the Dungog Valley. A guide will lead the tour. Many of the animals you will see on this trip can only be seen at night. The guide will tell you about the lives of the animals you see. Numbers are strictly limited on night trips, so be sure to book early. This walk lasts two and a half hours.
Cost: $ 12 When: May 8, May 15, May22
Equipment to be needed:
?Please bring enough water and food for all walks.
?Wear good walking shoes—no high heels.
?Wear a hat for day walks.
?Dress warmly for night walks.
?Children must be with an adult.
?Make sure your flashlight works well and bring extra batteries for night walks.
?Follow all instructions from guides during the walks. The mountains are a dangerous place.
Bookings:
Bookings for the above trips can be traded by telephone (893 — 4847) or on the Internet at www. Bluemountaintour. com
72. Where are these trips?
A. In a large city. B. In a park in the mountains.
C. In a special kind of zoo. D. In three different countries.
73. On which trip might you see animals that sleep during the day?
A. Black Bear Count B. Garland Valley
C. Flashlight Adventure D. None of the trips.
74. Which of the following is NOT necessary for the three trips?
A. Good walking shoes B. A pair of glasses
C. Food and water D. A sleeping-bag
75. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Adventure Travel in America
B. Hunting around the Great Mountains
C. Interesting Trips in the East of the USA
D. Discovery Trips in the Blue Mountains
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
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Friends have to learn to _____ annoying habits and to bear differences of opinion．
A.put up with B.come up with
C.keep up with D.end up with
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Please bring enough water and food for all walks.
Wear good walking shoes--no high heels.
Wear a hat for day walks.
Dress warmly for night walks.
Children must be with an adult.