Once considered an optional lifestyle choice,...

Once considered an optional lifestyle choice, recycling has become a commonplace activity in most areas. One type of recycling, called downcycling, involves re-purposing a material into a new product of lesser quality. 1.

Downcycling is also known as downstream recycling. It is most common in terms of industrial materials. These products lose their value as they are recycled, which limits their capacity for new use. 2. White writing paper, for example, is often downcycled into cardboard; once downcycled to this new form, it can no longer be used as white paper again. Another example of downcycling includes the use of plastic components.

Giving products a new life is considered a good way to reuse materials and avoid waste. Once downcycled to their full capacity, however, these materials are eventually so degraded that they cannot be reused further. Since downcycled products are considered of lower quality than their original form, they cannot be used in remaking their original product.

3. Plastic, glass, and aluminium products coded with the number one may be remade into something of equal or greater value. This type of recycling is known as upcycling, and represents the forward compatibility of recycled components. Materials available for downcycling, such as water, juice, and milk bottles, are coded with the number two. 4.

Items available for downcycling often require additional chemicals, energy, and other treatments in order to transform them into something usable. Durable plastic products in particular require much additional treatment. Trash bins, tables, and chairs are also considered materials with a high energy cost to recycle.

When a product reaches a code seven, it is considered no longer recyclable. 5. Since these products can no longer be made into new ones, they will either have to be reused or discarded, typically in a landfill.

A.These recycled materials may often be put into new use.

B.It can include varying grades of plastic, paper products, and other materials.

C.Their recycled form is typically both weaker and cheaper than their original one.

D.They may not be used to contain food-grade items again upon being downcycled.

E.Products are provided with codes to determine their grades and whether or not they may be recycled.

F.A code will determine the type of the recycled materials and give an idea of how many times they can be recycled.

G.This usually occurs when a substance is blended with other substances, such as different types of plastic with various recycling codes.

高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析

The idea that history is an outdated course of study that will lead to limited career options has spread. 1. It is a wonderful way to prepare for a successful future. Here are a few reasons why it’s important that today’s students continue to learn about the past.

Understanding where people come from is key in understanding who we are. 2. It’s deeply influenced the world and its citizens. For this reason, it’s important to understand history in order to understand why people are the way that they are.

3. Through history classes, you can experience a change in the way you think. You’ll look at things from a new angle, as you understand the world in a new way. In the end, this change can improve your ability to assess and understand situations, make educated decisions, and learn how to weigh the consequences linked with each choice before you.

Learning from the past prevents future mistakes. 4. From wars to fashion to political trends, historians are often able to make predictions about the future based upon the past. By having a firm grasp on what happened in the past, today’s generation can better prepare for a brighter future by making the right decisions — instead of repeating old mistakes.

5. The idea that a degree in history can’t lead to a good career is untrue. In fact, students who graduate with degrees in history can become lawyers, business owners, foundation leaders, and non-profit leaders. Besides, history degrees can lead to working as an educator, a leader in a historical organization, a writer, an editor, a journalist, or a producer of multimedia materials.

A.You will understand the world much better.

B.History degrees can lead to well-paying careers.

C.Many people don’t know well about themselves.

D.Learning history can change how you think.

E.But the truth is that studying history is still important.

F.The idea that history repeats itself is rooted in truth.

G.History has shaped cultures, attitudes, and social structures.

高三英语七选五简单题查看答案及解析

Shanghai Expo has been building an Expo Village for the participants, but other choices will also be ____ if the Expo Village does not satisfy their needs．

A．accessible                                            B．available

C．affordable                                       D．approvable

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Glass is obviously a wiser choice for the plate as it can easily be recycled and does not take hundreds of years to _____ like plastic.

A. break off 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 B. break out 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 C. break down 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 D. break into

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Making greener choices and encouraging healthy lifestyles can promote your health and benefit the environment．Here are some guidelines to follow:

Choose foods thoughtfully

Americans have never had such a variety or abundance of food to choose from．Besides so many choices, we now hear about our "food print", the amount of land needed to supply one person's nutritional needs for a year．Do we buy cherry tomatoes from Mexico or tomatoes grown locally in a hothouse? Do．we get the Granny Smiths from the fanners' market or the supermarket? Is organic produce healthier for us and the planet?

These are very complex issues that require analysis of many criteria, including the energy used in producing and transporting the food, as well as the type of soil and methods of raising the food．

Despite the complexities, there are some general guidelines you can follow．For instance, eat less meat or eat low on the food chain．Your doctor may have recommended you to restrict your consume red meat because of its too much fat content．Beyond that, there are environmental reasons, too. Raise food animals contributes substantially to climate change because a meat-based diet requires more land, energy and water than a plant - based one．

Drinking plenty of fluids is significant during hot weather or when exercising．But is bottled water the way to go? You may not think so when seeing the true costs．Based on a survey, manufacturing the 30 - plus billion plastic water bottles can produce more than 2．5 million tons of carbon dioxide and use here times the amount of water in the bottle．Adding in transportation, the energy used comes to over 50 million barrels of oil equivalent （等价物）．Consequently, skip the bottled water and drink tap water, both at home and at restaurants．Additionally, bottled water is not necessarily cleaner than tap.

1.In Paragraph 2 the author puts forward three questions mainly _____．

A．to prove Americans have less food to choose from

B．to show us the shopping habits of most Americans

C．to indicate Americans tend to buy food from abroad

D．to remind people to reconsider their food purchase

2.The doctor recommends eating less red meat partly because _____．

A．it contains too much fat            B．it costs a lot in transportation

C．it is too low on the food chain                          D．it isn't related to climate change

3.According to the text, which of the following is true?

A．Americans all prefer to buy cherry tomatoes from Mexico．

B．The plant - based diet is responsible for the climate change．

C．Americans have a variety of food to choose from．

D．Organic produce is the only choice for Americans．

4.Based on the last paragraph, we know that _____．

A．bottled water is cleaner than tap water

B．tap water is economical as well as eco - friendly

C．bottled water is more available than tap water

D．tap water uses one - third the cost of bottled water

5.What is the best subtitle for the last paragraph?

A．Skip bottled water, carry tap       B．Drink bottled water

C．Produce plastic water bottles        D．Save water resources

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Although considered an excellent exercise, jumping rope has never received widespread acceptance because of two reasons. First, most people recognize jumping rope as an excellent form of cardiovascular(心血管的)exercise, but they also believe that it is simply too difficult. In other words, they don’t think they’ll be able to continue jumping for the near 20 minutes in order to achieve a beneficial physical effect. Second, many regard it as somewhat boring and overly repetitive(重复乏味的)—not as something fun or enjoyable.

As a matter of fact, jumping rope can be great fun as long as you find a proper way to practise it. Instead of doing the usual two-foot bounce(跳)over and over again, players good at rope-jumping often change their pattern every 10 or 20 jumps: a single bounce, a double-bounce, a skip, a knee-up, side swings, as well as a variety of other easy-to-learn free-style rope-jumping.

Nowadays researchers are discovering that jumping rope also prepares the brain for learning. It is an exercise allowing both brain hemispheres(半球)to perform equally to each other.

In short, jumping rope can be a life-long activity requiring little equipment, time and space, yet leading to a much healthier life.

1. One reason that can explain why rope-jumping has not spread widely is that

　　.

A. it benefits the cardiovascular system

B. it is too difficult for people to learn to jump

C. it is believed to be boring and repetitive

D. it requires little equipment, time and space

2. The first sentence in Paragraph 2 means that　　in rope-jumping.

A. there is only one proper way to follow

B. the usual way should not be used again

C. the easiest way is always the best one

D. there are different kinds of ways to follow

3.According to the researchers, jumping rope　　.

A. only prepares the brain for learning

B. is suitable for students only

C. helps both brain hemispheres work together

D. can be dangerous for old people

4.What does the writer think of rope-jumping?

A. He is strongly against it.

B. He is for it.

C. The passage doesn’t mention it.

D. He knows little about it.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

5 Lifestyle Choices You Will Feel in Your Bones

YOU SPEND TOO LITTLE TIME ON THE MOVE

"Bone is a living tissue," says Jonathan Lee, a physician at Montefiore Health System in New York City. "The more you use it, the more it will adapt and strengthen. Likewise, if it is not subjected to loading, it will waste away. " The solution? Weight-bearing exercise-even just walking. Strength training Counts too

YOU EAT SALTY SNACKS

A study from Japan showed that women over fifty who had high sodium (钠) intakes were more than four times as likely to have a fracture (break of.bones) as those with low sodium intakes. That's because as the kidneys(肾) excrete(排出) the sodium, calcium is reducing from the bloodstream too.

YOU SHUT SUNLIGHT AWAY

" Vitamin D is required for the body to successfully absorb and use calcium," Dr. Lee says. "Most Americans do not get enough sun exposure to generate enough natural vitamin D, and thus supplementation is essential. " According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, adults under 50 need 400 to 800 IU of vitamin D daily and adults 50 and older need 800 to 1,000 IU. Talk to your doctor about your specific needs based on where you live, what time of year it is, and which vitamin D-rich foods you eat.

YOU'RE CASUAL WITH WINE

Low levels of alcohol consumption may be good for your bones, according to a study from Oregon State University, but more than a couple of drinks a day has the opposite effect. "Too much alcohol can make it harder to absorb calcium," says Dr. Lee. Furthermore, "In women in particular, higher alcohol consumption can decrease estrogen (雌激素） levels, and this can also lead to osteoporosis(骨质疏松) , " Dr. Lee says.

YOU LIVE IN AN AREA WITH DIRTY AIR

In a study recently published in the Lancet Planetary Health , researchers dealt with hospital data for 9.2 million Medicare participants in the Northeast and mid-Atlantic between 2003 and 2010. They found that even a small increase in levels of pollutants in the air--may lead to an increase in bone fractures and osteoporosis in older adults. If you live in a smoggy area,use an air purifier filter at home, avoid exercising outdoors when the air quality is bad,and get screened for osteoporosis.

1.According to the article, to have healthy bones, a lady of 65 should　　　　　 　 .

A. form a habit of drinking a bottle of wine every day

B. protect herself from being exposed to sunlight

C. exercise indoors or do little strength training

D. lessen sodium intakes in her diet

2.The article states that the health of the bones is affected by the following except　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 .

A. air quality B. body clock

C. personal diet D. physical training

3.This article is possibly chosen from 　　　　　　　　 .

A. a gym advertisement

B. a medical textbook

C. a lifestyle magazine

D. a medicine instruction

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

An international group of coffee experts has considered Ethiopia’s coffee as the best in the world. Coffee is a top export of the country. But at home, it is seen as national pride. Ethiopians feel good about their coffee, and enjoying a drink with friends is a long tradition.

International coffee experts travel the world to find the best coffee. They keep returning to Ethiopia. Some people say the climate produces quality beans. Morton Wenner is a coffee importer. He said, “Ethiopia has different ancient types of coffee. They are planted in places with perfect soil, perfect altitude, and climates that are really suitable for coffee processing, such as drying and things like that.”

Finding the best quality beans is often an issue of taste. The process is known as cupping — tasting and comparing coffee from different roasted beans, grading and then pricing them.

But before international experts come to taste, coffee beans are studied in small coffee laboratories. Helen Assefa, a lab technician, describes the process, “When the coffee comes to the lab, we assess its quality first by recording the details. Then we weigh the wetness level and screen the beans for analysis. After that we polish the coffee beans and taste the samples. At the end we check for imperfect beans.”

Ethiopia is making big profits on its coffee reputation by exporting coffee to more than 120 countries. The country has an export income of more than $840 million a year. But not all the best coffee leaves Ethiopia. Forty percent of the coffee grown in the country stays there. It remains an important part of everyday life at work, at home and at ceremonies just to celebrate that special cup.

1.Where does the Ethiopian’s pride mainly come from?

A. Traditional practices. B. Food export. C. International experts. D. Best coffee.

2.Ethiopia produces best coffee because of ____________.

A. the special coffee taste B. the long-standing tradition

C. the satisfactory mild climate D. the favorable growing environment

3.Which of the following describes the process of studying coffee beans in the lab?

a. polish and taste

b. weigh the dampness level

c. record quality facts

d. analyze the beans

e. check for imperfection

A. d-c-b-a-e B. c-b-d-a-e C. e-c-a-b-d D. c-d-a-b-e

4.What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. Coffee is essential in Ethiopians’ daily lives.

B. Coffee is the most profitable industry in Ethiopia.

C. Most of the coffee production remains in Ethiopia.

D. Ethiopians often hold ceremonies to celebrate harvest.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

I consider myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper has　　me with plenty of opportunities to make them. In one of my earlier　　, my mother was telling me“Don’t watch the　　when you say, ‘I’m sorry’. Hold your head up and look at the person in the　　, so he’ll know you　　it. ”

My mother thus made the key point of a(n)　　apology: It must be direct. You must never　　to be doing something else. You do not　　a pile of letters while apologizing to a person　　in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your　　. You do not apologize to a hostess, whose guest of honor you treat　　, by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad　　.

One of the important things we should do for an　　apology is a readiness to　　the responsibility for our careless mistakes. We are used to making excuses, which leaves no　　for the other person to　　us. Since most people are open-hearted, the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling　　about themselves. That, after all, is the　　of every apology. It　　little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault. Answering for one’s　　encourages others to take their share of the blame.

1.A. provided                        B. mixed

C. compared                        D. treated

2.A. dreams                        B. courses

C. memories                        D. ideas

3.A. side                            B. ground

C. wall                                D. bottom

4.A. mind                            B. soul

C. face                                D. eye

5.A. imagine                        B. enjoy

C. mean                            D. regret

6.A. useful                        B. successful

C. equal                            D. basic

7.A. pretend                        B. forget

C. refuse                            D. expect

8.A. hold on                        B. put away

C. look through                    D. pick up

9.A. poorer                        B. weaker

C. worse                            D. lower

10.A. fault                B. reason            C. result            D. duty

11. A. cruelly                    B. freely

C. roughly                        D. foolishly

12. A. manners                B. excuses

C. efforts                        D. roles

13.A. active                    B. effective

C. extra                        D. easy

14.A. raise                    B. perform

C. admit                        D. bear

15.A. situation                B. need

C. sign                            D. room

16.A. advise                    B. forgive

C. warn                        D. blame

17.A. wiser                    B. warmer

C. better                        D. cleverer

18.A. purpose                    B. method

C. end                            D. advantage

19.A. cares                    B. matters

C. depends                        D. remains

20. A. facts                    B. states

C. rights                        D. actions

高三英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

I consider myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper has 36 me with plenty of opportunities to make them. In one of my earlier 37, my mother was telling me “Don’t watch the 38  when you say, ‘I’m sorry’. Hold your head up and look at the person in the 39, so he’ll know you 40 it.”

My mother thus made the key point of a(n) 41 apology: It must be direct. You must never 42 to be doing something else. You do not 43  a pile of letters while apologizing to a person   44  in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your 45. You do not apologize to a hostess, whose guest of honor you treat 46, by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad 47.

One of the important things we should do for an 48 apology is a readiness to 49 the responsibility for our careless mistakes. We are used to making excuses, which leaves no 50 for the other person to 51 us. Since most people are open-hearted, the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling 52 about themselves. That , after all, is the 53 of every apology. It 54 little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault. Answering for one’s 55 encourages others to take their share of the blame.

1.                A．provided       B．mixed          C．compared D．treated

2.                A．dreams         B．courses         C．memories D．ideas

3.                A．side           B．ground         C．wall  D．bottom

4.                A．mind           B．soul            C．face D．eye

5.                A．imagine        B．enjoy           C．mean    D．regret

6.                A．useful          B．successful       C．equal    D．basic

7.                A．pretend        B．forget          C．refuse    D．expect

8.                A．hold on         B．put away        C．look through   D．pick up

9.                A．poorer         B．weaker         C．worse    D．lower

10.               A．fault           B．reason         C．result     D．duty

11.               A．cruelly         B．freely          C．roughly    D．foolishly

12.               A．manners        B．excuses        C．efforts    D．roles

13.               A．active          B．effective        C．extra D．easy

14.               A．raise           B．perform        C．admit     D．bear

15.               A．situation        B．need           C．sign D．room

16.               A．advise          B．forgive         C．warn D．blame

17.               A．wiser          B．warmer         C．better     D．cleverer

18.               A．purpose        B．method         C．end D．advantage

19.               A．cares          B．matters         C．depends   D．remains

20.               A．facts           B．states          C．rights     D．actions

高三英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析