“Heaven (天堂) is where the police are English, the cooks are French, the mechanics are German, the lovers are Italian and everything is organized by the Swiss. Hell (地狱) is where the police are German, the cooks are English, the mechanics are French, the lovers are Swiss, and everything is organized by the Italians.”
Obviously the national stereotypes (模式化的思想) in this old joke are generalizations (普遍化), but such stereotypes are often said to “exist for a reason”. Is there actually a sliver (裂片) of truth in them? Not likely, an international research team now says.
“National and cultural stereotypes do play an important role in how people see themselves and others, and being aware that these are not dependable is a useful thing,” said study author Robert McCrae of the National Institute on Aging. “These are in fact unfounded stereotypes. They don’t come from looking around you,” McCrae said.
If national stereotypes aren’t rooted in real experiences, then where do they come from? One possibility is that they reflect national values, which may become known from historical events. For example, many historians have argued that the spirit of American individualism (个人主义) has its origins in the experiences of the pioneers on the Old West.
Social scientists such as psychologist Richard Robins have given several other possible explanations for stereotypes and why they may be incorrect. Robins notes that some stereotypes may have been correct at one point in history and then remained unchanged while the culture changed.
We may be “hard-wired”, to some degree, to keep incorrect stereotypes, since we are less likely to notice and remember information that is different from our stereotypes. Generally, according to Robins, when we meet people who are different from our stereotypes, we see them as unique individuals rather than typical national or cultural groups.
1.The stereotype about Italians is ________.
A. romantic but disorganized
B. friendly and good-tempered
C. dreamy and impractical
D. strict but thoughtful
2.National stereotypes are not always correct because ________.
A. they are formed by individual historians
B. what was true in the past may not be true at the present
C. generalizations are made through personal experience
D. people tend to have false idea about other cultures
3.According to the research team led by McCrae, national stereotypes are ________.
A. interesting B. harmful C. humorous D. unreliable
4.The underlined word “hard-wired” in the last paragraph probably means ________.
A. forgetful B. anxious C. fixed D. helpless
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
“Heaven (天堂) is where the police are English, the cooks are French, the mechanics are German, the lovers are Italian and everything is organized by the Swiss. Hell (地狱) is where the police are German, the cooks are English, the mechanics are French, the lovers are Swiss, and everything is organized by the Italians.”
Obviously the national stereotypes (模式化的思想) in this old joke are generalizations (普遍化), but such stereotypes are often said to “exist for a reason”. Is there actually a sliver (裂片) of truth in them? Not likely, an international research team now says.
“National and cultural stereotypes do play an important role in how people see themselves and others, and being aware that these are not dependable is a useful thing,” said study author Robert McCrae of the National Institute on Aging. “These are in fact unfounded stereotypes. They don’t come from looking around you,” McCrae said.
If national stereotypes aren’t rooted in real experiences, then where do they come from? One possibility is that they reflect national values, which may become known from historical events. For example, many historians have argued that the spirit of American individualism (个人主义) has its origins in the experiences of the pioneers on the Old West.
Social scientists such as psychologist Richard Robins have given several other possible explanations for stereotypes and why they may be incorrect. Robins notes that some stereotypes may have been correct at one point in history and then remained unchanged while the culture changed.
We may be “hard-wired”, to some degree, to keep incorrect stereotypes, since we are less likely to notice and remember information that is different from our stereotypes. Generally, according to Robins, when we meet people who are different from our stereotypes, we see them as unique individuals rather than typical national or cultural groups.
1.The stereotype about Italians is ________.
A. romantic but disorganized
B. friendly and good-tempered
C. dreamy and impractical
D. strict but thoughtful
2.National stereotypes are not always correct because ________.
A. they are formed by individual historians
B. what was true in the past may not be true at the present
C. generalizations are made through personal experience
D. people tend to have false idea about other cultures
3.According to the research team led by McCrae, national stereotypes are ________.
A. interesting B. harmful C. humorous D. unreliable
4.The underlined word “hard-wired” in the last paragraph probably means ________.
A. forgetful B. anxious C. fixed D. helpless
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
“Heaven is where the police are English,the cooks are French the mechanics are German,the lovers are Italian and everything is organized by the Swiss.Hell is where the.police are German,the cooks are English,the mechanics are French,the lovers are Swiss,and everything is organized by the Italians.”
Obviously the national stereotypes（模式化的思想）in this,old joke are generalizations,but such stereotypes are often said to "exist for a reason".Is there actually a sliver of truth in them?Not likely,an international research team now says.
"National and cultural stereotypes do play an important role in how people see themselves and others,and being aware that these are not dependable is a useful thing,"said study author Robert McCrae of the National Institute on Aging."These are in fact unfounded stereotypes.They don't come from looking around you,"McCrae said.
If national stereotypes aren't rooted in real experiences,then where do they come from?One possibility is that they reflect national values,which may become known from historical events.For example,many historians have argued that the spirit of American individualism has its origins in the experiences of the pioneers on the Old West.
Social scientists such as psychologist Richard Robins have given several other possible explanations for stereotypes and why they may be incorrect.Robins notes that some stereotypes may have been correct at one point in history and then remained unchanged while the culture changed.
We may be "hard-wired",to some degree,to keep incorrect stereotypes,since we are less likely to notice and remember information that is different from our stereotypes.Generally,according to Robins,when we meet people who are different from our stereotypes,we see them as unique individuals rather than typical national or cultural groups.
1.What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. To introduce the topic of national stereotypes.
B. To make a comparison between the characters of different countries.
C. To exemplify the argument against stereotyping.
D. To analyze the strengths and weaknesses of people in different countries.
2.Which of the following best describes McCrae's attitude towards national stereotypes?
A. Supportive. B. Indifferent.
C. Critical. D. Uncertain.
3.According to social scientists,why aren’t national stereotypes always correct?
A. Because they are formed by individual historians.
B. Because people tend to have false idea about other cultures.
C. Because generalizations are made through personal experience.
D. Because what was true in the past may not be true at present.
4.What does the underlined word "hard-wired" in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Forgetful. B. Fixed.
C. Anxious. D. Helpless.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
English teenagers are to receive compulsory (必修的) cooking lessons in schools. The idea is to encourage healthy eating to fight the country’s increasing obesity (肥胖 )rate. It’s feared that basic cooking and food preparation skills are being lost as parents turn to pre-prepared convenience foods.
Cooking was once regarded as an important part of education in England---even if it was mainly aimed at girls. In recent decades cooking has progressively become a minor activity in schools. In many cases the schools themselves have given up cooking meals in kitchens in the schools. But the rising level of obesity has led to a rethink about the food that children are given and the skills they should be taught.
“What I want is to teach young people how to do basic, simple recipes like a tomato sauce, a bolognaise, a simple curry, a stir-fry---which they can use now at home and then in their later life”, said Ed Balls, the minister responsible for schools.
The new lessons are due to start in September, but some schools without kitchens will be given longer to adapt. There is also likely to be a shortage of teachers with the right skills, since the trend has been to teach food technology rather than practical cooking. Also the compulsory lessons for hands on cooking will only be one hour a week for one term. But the well-known cookery writer, Pru Leith, believes it will be worth it.
“If we’d done this thirty years ago we might not have the crisis we’ve got now about obesity and lack of knowledge about food and so on. Every child should know how to cook, not just so that they’ll be healthy, but because it’s a life skill which is a real pleasure”.
The renewed interest in cooking is primarily a response to the level of obesity in Britain which is among the highest in Europe, and according to government figures half of all Britons will be obese in 25 years if current trends are not stopped.
1.The passage mainly talks about________.
A．the reason for obesity B．the lost cooking skills
C．the healthy eating D．the compulsory cooking classes
2.Which of the following is NOT the purpose for English teenagers to receive cooking lessons?
A．To encourage teenagers to eat healthy food.
B．To reduce the country’s increasing obesity rate.
C．To stop parents from turning to pre-prepared convenience foods.
D．To prevent basic cooking and food preparation skills from being lost.
3.In what way will cooking lessons benefit the students?
A．They will be healthy and enjoy the pleasure of such a life skill as well.
B．They will be able to do some basic, simple recipes like a tomato sauce.
C．They will be able to make food experiments with the knowledge and skills.
D．They will be able to control the level of obesity in the whole country.
4.The well-known cookery writer, Pru Leith, thinks it ________ to offer compulsory cooking lessons in schools.
A．difficult B．necessary C．funny D．timely
5.It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．cooking has always been an important part of school education in England
B．the obesity rate in Britain has been rapidly growing in recent decades
C．English teenagers will have their cooking lessons twice a week for one year
D．the students will pay a lot of money to the school for the
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
English teenagers are to receive compulsory(必修的)cooking lessons in schools. The idea is to encourage healthy eating to fight the country’s increasing obesity(肥胖)rate. It’s feared that basic cooking and food preparation skills are being lost as parents turn to pre-pre-pared convenience foods.
Cooking was once regarded as an important part of education in England-even if it was mainly aimed at girls. In recent decades cooking has progressively become a minor activity in schools. In many cases the schools themselves have given up cooking meals in kitchens in the schools .But the rising level of obesity has led to a rethink about the food that children are given and the skills they should be taught.
“What I want is to teach young people how to do basic, simple recipes like a tomato sauce, a bolognaise, a simple curry, a stir-fry-which they can use now at home and then in their later life”, said Ed Balls, the minister responsible for schools.
The new lessons are due to start in September, but some schools without kitchens will be given longer to adapt. There is also likely to be a shortage of teachers with the right skills, since the trend has been to teach food technology rather than practical cooking. Also the compulsory lessons for hands on cooking will only be one hour a week for one term. But the well-known cookery writer, Pru Leith, believes it will be worth it .
“If we’d done this thirty years ago we might not have the crisis we’ve got now about obesity and lack of knowledge about food and so on. Every child should know how to cook, not just so that they’ll be healthy, but because it’s a life skill which is a real pleasure”.
The renewed interest in cooking is primarily a response to the level of obesity in Britain which is among the highest in Europe, and according to government figures half of all Britains will be obese in 25 years if current trends are not stopped.
1.The passage mainly talks about________.
A．the compulsory cooking classes B．the lost cooking skills
C．the healthy eating D．the reason for obesity
2.Which of the following is NOT the purpose for English teenagers to receive cooking lessons?
A．To encourage teenagers to eat healthy food.
B．To reduce the country’s increasing obesity rate.
C．To prevent basic cooking and food preparation skills from being lost.
D．To stop parents from turning to pre-prepared convenience foods.
3.In what way will cooking lessons benefit the students?
A．They will be able to do some basic, simple recipes like a tomato sauce.
B．They will be healthy and enjoy the pleasure of such a life skill as well.
C．They will be able to make food experiments with the knowledge and skills.
D．They will be able to control the level of obesity in the whole country.
4.The well-known cookery writer, Pru Leith, thinks it ________ to offer compulsory cooking lessons in schools.
A．difficult B．necessary C．funny D．timely
5.It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．cooking has always been an important part of school education in England
B．English teenagers will have their cooking lessons twice a week for one year
C．the obesity rate in Britain has been rapidly growing in recent decades
D．the students will pay a lot of money to the school for their cooking lessons
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.Where are the speakers?
A. In the police station. B. On the road. C. At the insurance company.
2.What did the man first suggest they do?
A. Talk to the people behind them.
B. Pull over to the side of the road.
C. Get their cars fixed together.
3.How do the speakers deal with the situation in the end?
A. They call the police.
B. They go through their insurance.
C. They settle it between themselves.
高三英语长对话简单题查看答案及解析
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.Where are the man and the woman going?
A.To the bus station.
B.To the police station.
C.To the railway station.
2.What does the woman think they should do?
A.Take a taxi. B.Walk slowly. C.Leave the bags with the police.
3.What does the man find out at last?
A.Fifteen minutes is too long.
B.The traffic is moving too slowly.
C.He is not able to carry two bags.
高三英语长对话中等难度题查看答案及解析
The police a prisoner.
| A．is searching for | B．are searching for | C．is searching | D．are searched for |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
"Have you had supper?" "Not yet. The meal_____."
| A．are being cooked | B．is being cooked | C．is cooked | D．are cooked |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The way we cook is important. In many countries, the two sources of heat used for cooking are natural gas and electric stoves. The World Health Organization(WHO) warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution. The WHO finds that poor cooking, heating and lighting technologies are killing millions of people each year.
Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook stoves in the home. WHO officials say nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting. And they say more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year. Of that number, the WHO says about 4.3 million people die from household air pollution given off by simple biomass(生物燃料） and coal stoves.
These findings show that the home use of poisonous fuels is to blame for many of these deaths. These fuels include wood, coal, animal waste and so on. Carlos Dora is Coordinator in the WHO’s Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health. He says people should not use unprocessed coal and kerosene(煤油） fuel indoors. He says opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not correct the situation. It will only pollute the outdoors. “New technologies and clean fuels can rid people of this problem.”
The United Nations found that more than 95 percent of families in sub-Saharan Africa depend on solid fuels for cooking. It says huge populations in India, China and Latin American countries, such as Guatemala and Peru, are also at risk.
Nigel Bruce is a professor of Public Health at the University of Liverpool. He says researchers are developing good stoves and other equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way. “There are already many technologies for clean fuels available now. An effective and reasonably low-cost ethanol(酒精） stove that is made by Dometic is now being tested out. Another interesting development is electric induction stoves.” In India, you can buy an induction stove for about $8. And in Africa you can buy a solar lamp for less than $1.
1.How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed?
A. By making classifications.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By following time order.
D. By describing a process.
2.According to Carlos Dora, what is the best solution to indoor air pollution?
A. People should use an effective air cleaner.
B. People should open a window or door to let out the harmful air.
C. People should use new technologies and clean fuels.
D. People should prevent themselves from being exposed to harmful air.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A. Most of the deaths from indoor pollution are in developing countries.
B. Burning solid fuels can help limit indoor air pollution.
C. People now can buy ethanol stoves made by Dometic in India.
D. There are already two technologies for clean fuels available for use.
4.Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. The way we cook is changing
B. Types of indoor air pollution
C. The development of electric stoves
D. Indoor air pollution kills millions each year
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
No one has yet discovered who is responsible for the incident but the police are already collecting ______．
| A．evidence | B．permission | C．figure | D．anxiety |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析