We tend to have a better memory for things th...

We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or　 our emotions than for straight facts.

A. block off.　　　　　 　　　 B. appeal to

C. subscribe to　　　　　 　　 D. come across

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or 　　　 our emotions than for straight facts.

A. block off.　　　　　 B. appeal to

C. subscribe to　　　　 D. come across

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

We take it for granted that with memory we can remember most of things which happened in our life. But it is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions(感知), the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.

Memory can be defined as the ability to keep information available for later use. It not only includes “remembering” things like arithmetic(算术) or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile.

Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity(容量) of a computer with that of a human being. The instant access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 “words”—strings of alphabetic or numerical characters—ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 1000,000 words of English. However, this is but a part of the total amount of information that the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.

The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person’s memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. But while language greatly expands the number and the kind of things a person can remember, it also requires a huge memory capacity. It may well be this capacity that distinguishes humans, setting them apart from other animals.

1.Which of the following is true about memory?

A. It helps us perceive things happening around us every day.

B. It is based on the decisions we made in the past.

C. It is rooted in our past habits and skills.

D. It connects our past experiences with the present.

2.According to the passage, memory is helpful in one’s life in the following aspects EXCEPT that________________.

A. it involves a change in one’s behavior

B. it keeps information for later use

C. it warns people not to do things repeatedly

D. it enables one to remember events that happened in the past

3.What is the major characteristic of man’s memory capacity according to the author?

A. It can be expanded by language.

B. It can remember all the combined words.

C. It may keep all the information in the past.

D. It may change what has been stored in it.

4.Human beings make themselves different from other animals by________.

A. having the ability to perceive danger

B. having a far greater memory capacity

C. having the ability to recognize faces and places on sight

D. having the ability to draw on past experiences

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

In life，once on a path，we tend to follow it，for better or worse.What's sad is that even if it's the latter，we often accept it anyway because we are so used to the way things are that wed don't even recognize that they could be different This is a phenomenon psychologist call functional fixedness.

This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap: People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly.

Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax. The psychologists had, of course, arranged it so that neither of these obvious approaches would work. The tacks are too short, and the paraffin (石蜡) doesn't stick to the wall. So how can you complete the task? The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle-holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall. and stand the candle inside it. To think of that, you have to look beyond the box's usual role as a receptacle just for tacks and re-imagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer to one degree or another from functional fixedness.

The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase“frozen thoughts”to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt's eyes, the self- content reliance on such accepted “truths”also made people blind to ideas that didn't fit their worldview, even when there was plenty of evidence for them.

Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said,“It can be found in highly intelligent people.”

1.What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 2 refer to?

A.The experiment. B.Functional fixedness.

C.The path. D.The thinking.

2.Which way is hard to think of to complete the task?

A.Tacking the candle to the wall.

B.Fixing the candle with melted wax.

C.Using the tack box as a candle-holder.

D.Lighting the candle to stand it.

3.Which of the following statements will Hannah Arendt agree with?

A.People should question.

B.We should be used to the way things are.

C.People shouldn't accept the idea that doesn't fit their worldview.

D.The smarter people are，the more open to the new things they are.

4.What's the passage mainly about?

A.An interesting experiment

B.A psychological phenomenon.

C.A theory to be proved.

D.The opinion of Hannah Arendt.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

---Do you mean that we have lost our way?

---_____, my dear. We’d better ask someone for help.

A. Absolutely             B. Entirely

C. No problem            D. All right

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

In our life, we will have a lot of time to feel low. If there’s one thing that ruins us, which 48 us from doing what we’re 49 capable of and prevents us from achieving our dreams, it is fear of 50.

Many of us go through our lives never knowing what we could have done and what has often been heard is that if only we hadn’t given up our 51.

What if you had given up on 52 to talk, walk, read, ride a bike, or any other achievements before you were even five years old? How 53 would your life have turned out if you’d given up instead of 54 with them?

Now, how different has your life been because of the goals you gave up? Because you were afraid that you would fail, how many experiences and opportunities have you 55 out on because you couldn’t get past that invisible barrier of fear!?

1.                A．increases       B．stops           C．inspires   D．helps

2.                A．truly           B．hardly          C．honestly  D．easily

3.                A．death          B．trouble         C．sorrow   D．failure

4.                A．plans          B．jobs            C．dreams   D．lives

5.                A．trying          B．learning        C．practicing D．studying

6.                A．strange         B．poor           C．successful     D．different

7.                A．playing         B．covering        C．sticking   D．moving

8.                A．missed         B．picked          C．taken D．looked

高三英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Most of us have quite good memories, but our memories are limited. For example, we cannot remember everyone we have ever met or what we did on every single day of our lives. However, there are some people who do have prodigious memories. These people have a rare condition known as savant syndrome (学者症候群). Savants suffer from a developmental disorder, but they also exhibit great talents that contrast(显出差异) sharply with their physical and mental disabilities.

Kim Peek (1951-2009) was a savant who lived in Salt Lake City, Utah, in the United States. He was born with damage to parts of his brain, but it seemed that other parts of his brain, particularly those relating to memory, became over-developed.

Peek’s unique abilities appeared at a very early age. When he was just 20 months old, he could already remember every book that was read to him. Peek could read two pages of a book at the same time---one page with the right eye and one with the left---in less than 10 seconds and remember everything he read. By the time he died, Peek had memorized more than 9,000 books. He could remember all the names and numbers in a variety of telephone books. He could remember thousands of facts about history, literature, geography and sports.

Dr. David Treffert, an expert on savant syndrome, once described Peek as “a living Google” because of his astonishing ability to memorize and connect facts. However, at the same time, Peek was unable to carry out simple tasks, such as brushing his hair or getting dressed, and he needed others to help him. In 1989, the movie Rain Man won the Oscar for best Picture. The main character in the movie, played by Dustin Hoffman, was based on Kim Peek’s life. He started to appear on television, where he would amaze audiences by correctly answering difficult questions on different topics. Peek became world famous, and he and his father began touring widely to talk about overcoming disabilities. He inspired a great many people with his words. “Recognizing and respecting differences in others, and treating everyone in the way you want them to treat you, will make our world a better place for everyone. Everyone is different.”

1.The underlined word “prodigious” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.

A. happy　　　　　 B. vivid　　　　 C. amazing　　　　　 D. short

2.According to the text, Peek ________.

A. could take care of himself

B. was born with a good memory

C. was the student of Dr. David Treffert

D. became brain-damaged at 20 months old

3.How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed?

A. By proving facts.　　 　 B. By following time order.

C. By analyzing causes.　　 D. By making comparisons.

4.Peek’s words suggest that we should ________.

A. respect different cultures

B. listen to different opinions

C. treat different people differently

D. be respectful of others’differences

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

For many, scientific innovations tend to be welcome advancements that improve our lives. For some, however, new technologies bring risk of uselessness, in turn leading to great resistance.

With the climate crisis unfolding before our eyes, the race is on to find alternatives that will help humanity leave a smaller footprint on our planet. Because of animal agriculture's leading role as a greenhouse gas emitter, the search for more sustainable protein sources could be one such alternative.

As food tech companies use science to unlock the potential of plant proteins, they're producing increasingly better plant-based meats and milks that look and taste like the real thing, but with a much lower carbon footprint. Some in the meat industry are supporting the new and investing in these alt-protein companies.

For some lawmakers, however, these innovative products don't deserve support; they deserve restriction. Missouri State, for example, recently passed a bill making it a crime punishable by imprisonment for companies to call their products ''meat'' if they don’t come from an animal.

So why the mania (狂热) over meat and milk all of a sudden? Was there a consumer who brought home some pies labeled ''plant-based meat'' only to realize he was tricked? Did confused milk-drinkers file complaints with the Department of Agriculture when they found out their soymilk didn't contain actual milk?

There really are some consumers who are truly confused. Surveys show, however, that number is remarkably small. If anything, consumers are choosing these plant-based products specifically because they think they're better for them than the original products. And they have good reason to believe that plant-based milks and meats　 usually have less fat and more fiber than comparable animal-based foods.

So, consumers aren't confusing ''veggie bacon'' for real bacon; and if they don't think chicken nuggets have the same nutritional value as ''chicken-free nuggets'', then why do some meat and milk groups want a monopoly (垄断) over the M-words? Could it have to do with the fact that the increasing popularity of these foods, which are more sustainable and better for you, is threatening the profits of their constituents?

And with the future of our civilization hanging in the balance as climate change becomes more severe, it's time for policy makers to stop trying to prevent innovation, and instead to celebrate all the ways science can save us, including with sustainable proteins that can and do produce new kinds of meat.

1.What can be learned about the M-word applied to plant-based substitutes?

A.They are environmentally friendly.

B.They are innovative and widely accepted.

C.They have been restricted across America.

D.They have been produced in large quantities.

2.From the passage we can learn that consumers ______.

A.have sufficient faith in new science and technology

B.prefer the original products to the plant-based products

C.buy the plant-based products for their great benefit to health

D.often get confused by the composition of the new kind of meat

3.According to the author, some people resist the new kind of food probably because _____.

A.it contains no real meat

B.it brings risks to society

C.it plays a trick on customers

D.it poses a threat to their profits

4.What's the author's attitude towards the plant-based products?

A.Supportive. B.Cautious.

C.Ambiguous. D.Disapproving

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Memory is the ability to keep track of things that have happened in the past. Memory really is learning. One needs memory to ride a bicycle. A dog needs to remember if it is to come when called.

Memory is said to be stored in the brain as a “memory trace（记忆痕）.” What makes up this trace is not known. Some scientists believe that certain chemical substances may carry certain memories. For example, one substance, when given to rats, causes them to fear the dark.

Other research into memory has to do with how the brain works. Psychologists use three means to find out how a person remembers. For example, give a person a grocery list. Let the person memorize the list, then put it away. The most natural way to find out how much a person remembers of the grocery list is to ask what he or she remembers. This is called the method of recall. Another method is called recognition. Give the person another grocery list. Ask him or her to choose items on the first list from the items that are on only the second list. Often a person will be able to recognize things that he or she cannot recall. A third method of finding how much a person remembers is called relearning. Here the person is asked to read over the first list. The person will probably learn the list the second time faster than he did the first time. The difference in the time it takes to relearn the list is thought of as a measure of how much a person has remembered.

One way of remembering something is to repeat it many times. Interest is very important. Boring lists of facts are much more difficult to remember than something that we understand and are interested in. Motivation, or wanting to do something, is also important. Motivation is linked with reward. For example, a hungry animal quickly learns how to do something if that action gets the animal food. In humans, wanting to learn is often motivation. The praise of a teacher or the knowledge that an answer is correct is rewarding.

1.We can learn from the 2nd paragraph that ___________       .

2.The way to pick out the items on the first list from the second is known as ________ .

3.What is considered as a measure of how much one has remembered?

4.A good way to train an animal to do something quickly is to ________.

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

—For the long-term development, we have to attach importance to the quality of our products.

—That’s right. ______.

A. Great minds think alike

B. Two heads are better than one

C. In the end things will mend

D. Look before you leap

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析