We know that hugs make us feel cosy inside. And this feeling could actually ward off stress and protect the immune (免疫) system, according to a new research from Carnegie Mellon University.
It’s a well-known fact that stress can weaken the immune system. In this study, the researchers sought to determine whether hugs could protect individuals from the increased sensitivity to illness brought on by the particular stress that comes with interpersonal conflict.
“We know that people experiencing ongoing conflicts with others are less able to fight off cold viruses. We also know that people who report having social support are partly protected from the effects of stress on psychological states, such as depression and anxiety, ” the study’s lead author, psychologist Dr. Sheldon Cohen , said in a statement. “We have tested whether awareness of social support is equally effective in protecting us from sensitivity to infection caused by stress and also whether receiving hugs might partially account for those feelings of support and thus protect a person against infection.”
In the experiment, over 400 healthy adults filled out a questionnaire about their perceived (感知到的) social support and also participated in a nightly phone interview for two weeks. They were asked about the frequency that they engaged in interpersonal conflict and received hugs that day.
Then, the researchers exposed the participants to a common cold virus, and monitored them to assess signs of infection. They found that both perceived social support and more frequent hugs reduced the risk of infection associated with experiencing interpersonal conflict. Regardless of whether or not they experienced social conflicts, infected participants with greater perceived social support and more frequent hugs had less severe illness symptoms.
“This suggests that being hugged by a trusted person may act as an effective means of conveying support and that increasing the frequency of hugs might be an effective means of reducing the effects of stress,” Cohen said. “The apparent protective effect of hugs may result from the physical contact itself or hugging being a behavioral indicator of support and closeness. Either way, those who receive more hugs are somewhat more protected from infection.”
If you need any more reason to wrap your arms around someone special, consider this: hugs also lower blood pressure, reduce fears, improve heart health and decrease feelings of loneliness.
1.Which of the following can replace the underlined words “ward off” in Paragraph 1?
A. produce B. increase C. prevent D. support
2.What does Dr. Sheldon Cohen’s experiment show?
A. Hugs can hide serious illness symptoms
B. Social conflicts can monitor sign s of infection
C. Social support can reduce the risk of having a cold
D. Depression and anxiety result from less social support
3.What does the passage aim to convey?
A. Hugs can have protective effects
B. Social support can cure diseases
C. Interpersonal conflicts cause infections
D. Stress can weaken our immune system
4.Where is the passage most likely to be found?
A. A social science magazine
B. A commercial brochure
C. A medical report
D. An academic essay
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
We know that hugs make us feel cosy inside. And this feeling could actually ward off stress and protect the immune (免疫) system, according to a new research from Carnegie Mellon University.
It’s a well-known fact that stress can weaken the immune system. In this study, the researchers sought to determine whether hugs could protect individuals from the increased sensitivity to illness brought on by the particular stress that comes with interpersonal conflict.
“We know that people experiencing ongoing conflicts with others are less able to fight off cold viruses. We also know that people who report having social support are partly protected from the effects of stress on psychological states, such as depression and anxiety, ” the study’s lead author, psychologist Dr. Sheldon Cohen , said in a statement. “We have tested whether awareness of social support is equally effective in protecting us from sensitivity to infection caused by stress and also whether receiving hugs might partially account for those feelings of support and thus protect a person against infection.”
In the experiment, over 400 healthy adults filled out a questionnaire about their perceived (感知到的) social support and also participated in a nightly phone interview for two weeks. They were asked about the frequency that they engaged in interpersonal conflict and received hugs that day.
Then, the researchers exposed the participants to a common cold virus, and monitored them to assess signs of infection. They found that both perceived social support and more frequent hugs reduced the risk of infection associated with experiencing interpersonal conflict. Regardless of whether or not they experienced social conflicts, infected participants with greater perceived social support and more frequent hugs had less severe illness symptoms.
“This suggests that being hugged by a trusted person may act as an effective means of conveying support and that increasing the frequency of hugs might be an effective means of reducing the effects of stress,” Cohen said. “The apparent protective effect of hugs may result from the physical contact itself or hugging being a behavioral indicator of support and closeness. Either way, those who receive more hugs are somewhat more protected from infection.”
If you need any more reason to wrap your arms around someone special, consider this: hugs also lower blood pressure, reduce fears, improve heart health and decrease feelings of loneliness.
1.In Paragraph 1, the underlined words “ward off “can be replaced by ____.
A. produce B. increase C. prevent D. support
2.Dr. Sheldon Cohen’s experiment shows that ____.
A. hugs can hide serious illness symptoms
B. social conflicts can monitor signs of infection
C. social support can reduce the risk of having a cold
D. depression and anxiety result from less social support
3.The passage aims to convey that ____.
A. hugs can have protective effects
B. social support can cure diseases
C. interpersonal conflicts cause infections
D. stress can weaken our immune system
4.The passage is most likely to be found in ____.
A. a social science magazine
B. a commercial brochure
C. a medical report
D. an academic essay
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
We know that hugs make us feel cosy inside. And this feeling could actually ward off stress and protect the immune (免疫) system, according to a new research from Carnegie Mellon University.
It’s a well-known fact that stress can weaken the immune system. In this study, the researchers sought to determine whether hugs could protect individuals from the increased sensitivity to illness brought on by the particular stress that comes with interpersonal conflict.
“We know that people experiencing ongoing conflicts with others are less able to fight off cold viruses. We also know that people who report having social support are partly protected from the effects of stress on psychological states, such as depression and anxiety, ” the study’s lead author, psychologist Dr. Sheldon Cohen , said in a statement. “We have tested whether awareness of social support is equally effective in protecting us from sensitivity to infection caused by stress and also whether receiving hugs might partially account for those feelings of support and thus protect a person against infection.”
In the experiment, over 400 healthy adults filled out a questionnaire about their perceived (感知到的) social support and also participated in a nightly phone interview for two weeks. They were asked about the frequency that they engaged in interpersonal conflict and received hugs that day.
Then, the researchers exposed the participants to a common cold virus, and monitored them to assess signs of infection. They found that both perceived social support and more frequent hugs reduced the risk of infection associated with experiencing interpersonal conflict. Regardless of whether or not they experienced social conflicts, infected participants with greater perceived social support and more frequent hugs had less severe illness symptoms.
“This suggests that being hugged by a trusted person may act as an effective means of conveying support and that increasing the frequency of hugs might be an effective means of reducing the effects of stress,” Cohen said. “The apparent protective effect of hugs may result from the physical contact itself or hugging being a behavioral indicator of support and closeness. Either way, those who receive more hugs are somewhat more protected from infection.”
If you need any more reason to wrap your arms around someone special, consider this: hugs also lower blood pressure, reduce fears, improve heart health and decrease feelings of loneliness.
1.Which of the following can replace the underlined words “ward off” in Paragraph 1?
A. produce B. increase C. prevent D. support
2.What does Dr. Sheldon Cohen’s experiment show?
A. Hugs can hide serious illness symptoms
B. Social conflicts can monitor sign s of infection
C. Social support can reduce the risk of having a cold
D. Depression and anxiety result from less social support
3.What does the passage aim to convey?
A. Hugs can have protective effects
B. Social support can cure diseases
C. Interpersonal conflicts cause infections
D. Stress can weaken our immune system
4.Where is the passage most likely to be found?
A. A social science magazine
B. A commercial brochure
C. A medical report
D. An academic essay
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
We know that hugs make us feel easy inside. And this feeling, it turns out, could actually ward off stress and protect r the immune (免疫) system, according to a new research from Carnegie Mellon University.
It’s a well-known fact that stress can weaken the immune system. In this study, the researchers sought to determine whether hugs----like social support more broadly ----could protect individuals from the increased sensitivity to illness brought on by the particular stress that come with interpersonal conflict.
“We know that people experiencing ongoing conflicts with others are less able to fight off cold viruses. We also know that people who report having social support are partly protected from the effects of stress on psychological states, such as depression and anxiety, “the study’s lead author, psychologist Dr. Sheldon Cohen , said in a statement. “We tested whether awareness of social support is equally effective in protecting us from sensitivity to infection caused by stress and also whether receiving hugs might partially account for those feeling of support and thus protect a person against infection.”
In the experiment , over 400 healthy adults filled out a questionnaire about their perceived (感知) social support and also participated in a nightly phone interview for two weeks . They were asked the frequency they engaged in interpersonal conflicts and received bugs that day.
Then, the researchers exposed the participants to a common cold virus, and monitored them to assess signs of infection. They found that both perceived social support and more frequent hugs reduced the risk of infection associated with experiencing interpersonal conflict. Regardless of whether or not they experienced social conflicts, infected participants with greater perceived social support and more frequent hugs had less severe illness symptoms.
“This suggests that being hugged by a trusted person may act as an effective means of conveying support and that increasing the frequency of hugs might be an effective means of reducing the effects of stress,” Cohen said. “The apparent protective effect of hugs may result from the physical contact itself or hugging being a behavioral indicator of support and closeness. Either way, those who receive more hugs are somewhat more protected from infection.”
If you need any more reason to go wrap your arms around someone special, consider this: hugs also lower blood pressure, reduce fearsome around death and dying, improve heart health and decrease feeling of loneliness.
1.In Paragraph 1, the underlined words “ward off “can be replaced by ____.
A. produce B. increase C. prevent D. support
2.Dr. Sheldon Cohen’s experiment shows that ____.
A. hugs can hide serious illness symptoms
B. social conflicts can monitor signs of infection
C. social support can reduce the risk of having a cold
D. depression and anxiety result from less social support
3. The passage aims to convey that ____.
A. hugs can have protective effects
B. social support can sure diseases
C. interpersonal conflicts cause infections
D. stress can weaken our immune system
4.The passage is most likely to be found in ____.
A. a social science magazine
B. a commercial brochure
C. a medical report
D. an academic essay
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
We know that hugs make us feel easy inside. And this feeling, it turns out, could actually ward off stress and protect r the immune (免疫) system, according to a new research from Carnegie Mellon University.
It’s a well-known fact that stress can weaken the immune system. In this study, the researchers sought to determine whether hugs----like social support more broadly ----could protect individuals from the increased sensitivity to illness brought on by the particular stress that come with interpersonal conflict.
“We know that people experiencing ongoing conflicts with others are less able to fight off cold viruses. We also know that people who report having social support are partly protected from the effects of stress on psychological states, such as depression and anxiety, “the study’s lead author, psychologist Dr. Sheldon Cohen , said in a statement. “We tested whether awareness of social support is equally effective in protecting us from sensitivity to infection caused by stress and also whether receiving hugs might partially account for those feeling of support and thus protect a person against infection.”
In the experiment , over 400 healthy adults filled out a questionnaire about their perceived (感知) social support and also participated in a nightly phone interview for two weeks . They were asked the frequency they engaged in interpersonal conflicts and received bugs that day.
Then, the researchers exposed the participants to a common cold virus, and monitored them to assess signs of infection. They found that both perceived social support and more frequent hugs reduced the risk of infection associated with experiencing interpersonal conflict. Regardless of whether or not they experienced social conflicts, infected participants with greater perceived social support and more frequent hugs had less severe illness symptoms.
“This suggests that being hugged by a trusted person may act as an effective means of conveying support and that increasing the frequency of hugs might be an effective means of reducing the effects of stress,” Cohen said. “The apparent protective effect of hugs may result from the physical contact itself or hugging being a behavioral indicator of support and closeness. Either way, those who receive more hugs are somewhat more protected from infection.”
If you need any more reason to go wrap your arms around someone special, consider this: hugs also lower blood pressure, reduce fearsome around death and dying, improve heart health and decrease feeling of loneliness.
1.In Paragraph 1, the underlined words “ward off “can be replaced by ____.
A. produce B. increase
C. prevent D. support
2.Dr. Sheldon Cohen’s experiment shows that ____.
A. hugs can hide serious illness symptoms
B. social conflicts can monitor signs of infection
C. social support can reduce the risk of having a cold
D. depression and anxiety result from less social support
3.The passage aims to convey that ____.
A. hugs can have protective effects
B. social support can sure diseases
C. interpersonal conflicts cause infections
D. stress can weaken our immune system
4.The passage is most likely to be found in ____.
A. a social science magazine
B. a commercial brochure
C. a medical report
D. an academic essay
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,答案写在答题卡上。
We all know how good nature can make us feel. The sound of the ocean, the smell of a forest and the way sunlight dances through 1. (leaf) help us to relax and think more clearly. The idea 2. humans own a deep biological need to connect with nature has been called "Biophilia", 3. (mean) "love of life and the living world". Yet, according to the United Nations Population Division, so far the number of us going to urban areas 4. (grow) sharply. By 2050, it is estimated that a shocking sixty-eight percent of the world's inhabitants will live in cities. Cities are wonderful places — full of 5. (excite), innovation and energy.6. living in a city can be stressful. And the more we live in them, 7. more stress we have, leading to increases in mental illnesses 8. depression and loneliness. The good news is that the global science community continues to explain the medical benefits of nature on the brain. Through conducting research and sharing information with different organizations, new ideas are being carried out that encourage us 9. (step) out of the fast street and reconnect with nature in a 10. (rapid) changing world.
高三英语语法填空简单题查看答案及解析
It’s undeniable that spending time outdoors and in nature lifts our spirits and makes us feel more centered and at peace. When we breathe in fresh air, and enjoy the beauty of trees, streams and oceans, we naturally tend to feel more connected to ourselves and others.
Over the past decade, scientists have been exploring why nature — and dirt specifically — is such a powerful tool in improving our mood. According to researchers, the secret may lie in the mi¬crobes （微生物）of the soil. One bacterium specifically----Mycobacterium Vaccae （M. Vaccae） —has been identified as having the power to affect our moods and cognitive function as well.
Experiments conducted at Sage Colleges in New York found that contact with M. Vaccae can increase serotonin levels in the brain — a chemical that is associated with higher levels of happi¬ness ,increased focus, and reduced anxiety. In order to explore how the bacteria can improve learn¬ing, researchers Dory Mathews and Susan Jenks experimented with mice in a maze. Mice that in¬gested the bacteria navigated the maze twice as fast as the control group and proved less anxious as well.
Humans can absorb M. Vaccae just by playing in the dirt. We take in it when we breathe, we consume it in organic vegetables, and it can also enter our bloodstream through skin contact, espe¬cially where we have open cuts. This may explain why children in school perform better after break.
Neuroscientist Christopher Lowry at the University of Bristol in England believes that he has i- dentified why this incredible bacterium works. "What we think happens is that the bacteria activate immune cells, which release chemicals called cytokines that then act on receptors on the sensory nerves to increase their activity. ”
Beyond the power of M. Vaceae, scientists have been proving for decades that exposure to dirt, and the huge number of microbes found in dirt, can strengthen our immune system. When our body comes into contact with bacteria, it stores die infonnation in a type of library and can then use that information to fight sickness and infection more effectively.
Happiness, focus, less anxiety......I’ll take a double dose of dirt; please!
1.What raises people’s spirits while spending time outdoors?
A. Air. B. Trees.
C. Water D. Dirt.
2.How does M. Vaccae work?
A. By working on sensory nerves. B. By fighting sickness and infisction,
C. By strengthening the immune system. D. By making immune cells active.
3.According to the text, what does the author intend to do next?
A. Provide some advice on reducing anxiety for readers,
B. Summarize the previous paragraphs about lifting one’s mood.
C. Explain how he or she will expose himself or herself to dirt.
D. Introduce a new topic related to dirt for discussion.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Fight Sickness and Infection More Effectively
B. How Getting Dirty Can Actually lift Your Mood
C. Let’s Take a Deep Breath of Fresh Air
D. Enjoy Beauty and Naturally Connect to Others
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
There is no doubt that going without sleep for too long makes us feel terrible, and that getting a good night’s sleep can make us feel ready to take on the world. 1. Here are some top tips on getting the most out of the night.
2. You’d better avoid eating any food three hours before bed, as it will lower your blood sugar during sleep and help minimize damage from too much sugar floating around.
Keep your bedroom dark. To get a good night’s sleep, you need a bedroom that is pleasant, inviting and welcoming. 3. This is because the all important sleep-inducing (催眠) hormone melatonin is extremely sensitive to light, and may not be produced optimally (最佳的) unless it’s completely dark.
4. The foundation of good sleep is a comfortable bed. The right mattress (床垫) can make the difference between a refreshing night’s sleep and poor quality sleep resulting in tiredness and fatigue.
Get into a relaxed state. 5. Both of them will help to take the mind off the daytime pressures.
Since the start of the 21st century, studies have linked a lack of sleep to many diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. Taking action now will lead to long-term benefits for you.
A. Take a bath or listen to soft music.
B. Never eat too much before bedtime.
C. Above all, it should be dark.
D. Healthy people value a good night’s sleep.
E. However, not all of us know the best way of getting it.
F. Experts suggest putting away your mobile phone.
G. Have a suitable bed, especially a suitable mattress.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
We've all experienced a "good cry"． Shedding （流） some tears can often make us feel better and help us put things in perspective． But why is crying beneficial? And is there such a thing as a "bad cry"?
The researchers analyzed the detailed accounts of more than 3,000 recent crying experiences and found that the benefits of crying depend entirely on the what, where and when of a particular crying episode （一段经历）． The majority of persons reported improvements in their mood following a short period of crying． However, one third reported no improvement in mood and a tenth felt worse after crying． Criers who received social support during their crying episode were the most likely to report improvements in mood．
Research to date has not always produced a clear picture of the benefits of crying, in part because the results often seem to depend on how crying is studied． The researchers note several challenges in accurately studying crying behavior in a laboratory setting． Volunteers who cry in a laboratory setting often do not describe their experiences as making them feel better． Rather, crying in a laboratory setting often results in the study participants feeling worse; this may be due to the stressful conditions of the study itself, such as being videotaped or watched by researchers． This may produce negative emotions, which neutralize （使无效） the positive benefits usually connected with crying．
However, these laboratory studies have provided interesting findings about the physical effects of crying． Criers do show calming effects such as slower breathing, but they also experience a lot of unpleasant stress, including increased heart rate and sweating． What is interesting is that bodily calming usually lasts longer than the unpleasant． The calming effects may occur later and overcome the stress reaction, which would account for why people tend to remember mostly the pleasant side of crying．
Research has shown that the effects of crying also depend on who is shedding the tears． For example, individuals with anxiety or mood disorders are least likely to experience the positive effects of crying． In addition, the researchers report that people who lack insight into their emotional lives actually feel worse after crying．
1. We can infer from the passage that __________________．
A． people don't like being seen crying
B． crying in public makes people feel better
C． a bad cry is as common as a good cry
D． a good cry can sometimes help us face problems rightly
2.The beneficial effects of crying can be shown when _________．
A． your breath becomes slow B． you sweat a lot．
C． your face turns pale D． you are being watched
3.Who will be least likely to feel worse after crying?
A． People who receive help in course of crying．
B． People who fail to understand their emotions．
C． People who are anxious and nervous．
D． People whose mood is not in order．
4.The passage is mainly about ___________．
A． the types of crying B． the way of crying
C． the psychology of crying D． the causes of crying
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
We feel our duty to make our country a better place.
A. it B. this C. that D. one
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
We feel________our duty to make our country a better place.
A．it B．this C．that D．one
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析