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The area of child psychology is one of the most significant and well studied of all the branches of psychology. It aims to help with achieving a greater understanding of the behavior of children through an understanding of their minds. It deals with children who range from the prenatal(出生前的)stage right up to the stage of adolescence.
The psychologist Jean Piaget (1896-1980) has been credited with making a major breakthrough in this area when he put forward his idea that children were not actually less intelligent than adults, rather they just thought in a different way. Preciously the development of children right from birth through to adulthood was an area that was almost completely neglected. In fact very little work was done in this area. However, interest in this field has now developed to the point of being one of the most debated of all the areas of psychology.
Despite popular belief that factors such as genetics or personal characteristics are the only determining factors that influence a youth’s behavior, this is not in fact the case. In reality, development actually includes many more factors than those contained within an individual. Factors such as environment, which can include social relationships and the surrounding culture, also play important roles. Relationships with both peers and adults will no doubt affect how children think and learn, and therefore develop. These relationships can include those that are found not only within families but also in schools and peer groups.
Culturally speaking, this factor will contribute greatly to how children develop their personality concerning the values they end up holding (perhaps for a lifetime) as well as how they view such things as traditions and customs.
Nowadays, psychologists have agreed that a child’s psychology is both unique and highly complex. However, there are debates on many different points in this field and many viewpoints exist.
1.The word “neglected” underlined in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “______”.
A. ignored B. destroyed C. developed D. explored
2.What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A. Popular belief about child psychology.
B. The role families play in a child’s development.
C. Factors that affect a child’s development.
D. The importance of relationships to a child.
3.The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to ____.
A. introduce an important psychologist.
B. give a brief introduction to child psychology.
C. compare some of the areas of psychology.
D. explain the development in psychology.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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In India，one of the most significant festivals is Diwali，which falls between October and November. It’s a five-day celebration that includes good food，fireworks，colored sand，and special candles and lamps.
In honor of Lakshmi，the Hindu goddess of wealth，people make special prayers on the first day to obtain blessings for welfare，succcss，and well-being. People welcome the goddess into their homes by decorating entrances with colorful lanterns and traditional designs. In addition，many people treat themselves to fine jewelry，praying for good fortune. Those who cannot afford so much，seek out cheaper items such as clothes or household goods.
The second day of the festival is called Kali Chaudas. For some，the day provides an opportunity to drive away misfortune from homes and businesses. They decorate their homes with clay lamps and create design patterns called rangoli on the floor using colored powder or sand.
The third day is when the biggest celebrations occur，which begin early in the morning with a visit to a temple to seek the blessings of the goddess. As the sun sets，festival observers light up their homes with small lamps and enjoy delicious traditional foods with their loved ones.
The festival’s fourth day is celebrated in many different ways. Friends and relatives visit with gifts，sweets and best wishes for the season.
And the final day of the festival is called Bhai Oooj. It honors the close bond between brothers and sisters and is observed with traditional ceremonies and more delicious food.
For children in India，Diwali is similar to Christmas. They get all entire week off from school and are treated to gifts，new clothes，amazing food，and，in the past at least，a large number of fireworks. It is no wonder that the festival ranks high among the country’s favorite celebrations.
1.People celebrate the first day of Diwali mainly for______.
A.good fortune. B.colorful lanterns
C.expensive jewelry D.traditional designs
2.What’s the probable purpose of creating“rangoli”on the floor?
A.To design traditional patterns. B.To produce colored powder or sand.
C.To help get rid of bad luck. D.To produce an opportunity in business.
3.What is a man likely to do on the last day of the festival?
A.Exchange gifts and best wishes with his loved ones.
B.Be busy decorating his home during the day.
C.Get together with his sisters and brothers.
D.Light up his home with small lamps.
4.Which of the following may not be a reason for children’s love of Diwali?
A.Having a week off. B.Getting Christmas gifts.
C.Enjoying amazing food. D.Setting off fireworks.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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The okapi is a mammal living above the equator in one of the most biodiverse areas in central Africa. The animal was unknown to the western world until the beginning of the 20th century, and is often described as half-zebra, half-giraffe, as if it were a mixed-breed creature from a Greek legend. Yes its image is prevalent in the Democratic Republic of Congo-the only country in the world where it is found living in the world. The okapi is to Congo what the giant panda is to China or the kangaroo to Australia.
Although the okapi has striped markings resembling those of zebras’, it is most closely related to the giraffe. It has a long neck, and large, flexible ears. The face and throat are greyish white. The coat is a chocolate to reddish brown, much in contrast with the white horizontal stripes and rings on the legs and white ankles. Overall, the okapi can be easily distinguished form its nearest relative. It is much smaller (about the size of a horse) and shares more external similarities with the deer than with the giraffe. While both sexes possess horns in the giraffe, only males bear horns in the okapi.
The West got its first whiff of the okapi in 1890 when Welsh Journalist Henry Morton Stanley had puzzled over a strange “African donkey” in his book. Other Europeans in Africa had also heard of an animal that they came to call the “African unicorn.” Explorers may have seen the fleeting view of the striped backside as the animal fled through the bushes, leading to speculation that the okapi was some sort of rainforest zebra. Some even believed that the okapi was a new species of zebra. It was only later, when okapi skeleton was analyzed, that naturalists realized they had a giraffe on their hands.
In 1987, the Okapi Wildlife Reserve was established in eastern Congo to protect this rare mammal. But decades of political turbulence has seen much of the Congo’s natural resources spin out of the government’s control, and okapi numbers have fallen by 50 percent since 1995. Today, only 10,000 remain.
1.Which of the following is a picture of an okapi?
A.
B.
C.
D.
2.Which of the following descriptions is true about the okapi?
A.It is an important symbol of Congo.
B.It has been well protected since 1987.
C.It is a mystical creature from a Greek legend
D.It is more closely related to the zebra than the giraffe.
3.What does the underlined word“whiff”most likely mean in Paragraph 3?
A.Firm belief. B.Kind intention.
C.Strong dislike. D.Slight trace.
4.What can be inferred about Henry Morton Stanley?
A.He was the first Europeans to analyze okapi skeleton.
B.He had found many new species of animals in Africa.
C.He did not know the“African donkey"in his book was the okapi.
D.He had seen the backside of an okapi dashing through the bushes.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Death Valley is one of the most famous deserts in the United States, covering a wide area with its alkali sand. Almost 20 percent of this area is well below sea level, and Badwater, a salt water pool, is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States.
Long ago the Panamint Indians called this place "Tomesha"-- the land of fire. Death Valley's present name dates back to 1849, when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story. Today Death Valley has been declared a National Monument and is crossed by several well-marked roads where good services can be found easily. Luckily the change created by human settlement has hardly ruined the special beauty of this place.
Here nature created a lot of surprising, almost like the sights on the moon, ever-changing as the frequent wind moves the sand about, showing the most unusual colors. One of the most astonishing and colorful parts of Death Valley is the Devil's Golf Course, where it seems hard for one to tell reality from dreams. Sand sculptures stand on a frightening ground, as evening shadows move and lengthen.
1. The name of the valley comes from__________ .
A. an Indian name B. the death of the miners
C. the local people D. a National Movement
2. From the passage we can learn that__________.
A. no one had ever known the desert before the miners
B. it's still not easy to travel across the desert
C. people can find gas-stations, cafes and hotels in the desert
D. people have changed the natural sight of the desert
3. The Devil's Golf Course is famous for__________ .
A. the terrible sights B. the moon-like sights
C. dream-like sights D. the ever-changing sights
4. From the passage we can see that the writer__________the Death Valley.
A. appreciates B. is fearful of C. dislikes D. is tired of
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
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Volunteering at a nursing home is an often overlooked volunteer area and yet one of the most needed. Statistics show that only 50 percent of nursing home residents have no close relatives and 46 percent have no living children. 1.However, the self gratification and relationships you will receive is too unusual to be replaced.
Make a list of nursing homes you are able to volunteer at on a regular basis. When doing this, use any resources from family members, friends, or even use an online search engine to find nursing homes. When choosing your home, also keep in mind your schedule; make sure that you can be fully committed to any obligations that the nursing home may give you. 2.
3.Before calling, choose your times wisely, anytime between 9am-11am and 2pm-5pm would be a good option. By avoiding meal times or later at night, you'll have a better chance for getting information and finding people who are free to talk with you.
Ask for an application form. 4.This step is also where your applicant process begins. They will hand you all necessary applicant information. Most nursing homes will conduct interviews, do background checks, and may even have you receive vaccines and take drug tests.
Become a "volunteer in training" at the nursing home. 5.Because of the wide variety of possible areas, you may experience variations in your training length and the content may vary.
A. Expect to attend training if your application is approved.
B. Call or visit the top three of your chosen nursing home options.
C. Volunteering at a nursing home can be a really wonderful experience.
D. From your list, choose the top three that cater to what you are looking for.
E. You will be taken into training depending on the area you are assigned to train in.
F. The process of becoming a volunteer at a nursing home can often be a little too long.
G. The activity director or volunteer coordinator will handle all of your information from here.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
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One of the areas of our body which conveys most about how we feel is how we move our hands and arms. 1., but most often they occur unconsciously and naturally.
2.. Open hands and arms, especially extended, and with hands up in front of the body at chest height, indicate that what you’re saying is important, and, especially when people are speaking in public, a pointing finger or a hand waving above the shoulders stresses a personal point. However, research shows that people often find speakers who point their fingers a lot rather annoying.
Openness or honesty. 3., they will often hold one or both of their hands out to the other person. Footballers who have just committed a foul (犯规)often use this gesture to try to convince the referee that they didn’t do it.
Nervousness. If a person puts his hand to his mouth, this either indicates that he is hiding something, or that he is nervous. 4., and so does holding a bag or briefcase very tightly in front of the body.
Feeling defensive. Arms folded tightly over the chest is a classic gesture of defensiveness and indicates that you are protecting yourself. It is often seen among strangers in queues or in lifts or anywhere where people feel a bit insecure. People also sometimes use this gesture when they are listening to someone, to show that they disagree with what is being said. 5.!
A. Saying something important
B. When people want to be open or honest
C. Hand and arm gestures are sometimes intentional
D. But this gesture can simply mean that the person is cold
E. Playing with your fingers, like tapping the table, also shows anxiety
F. This gesture is typical of lawyers, accountants, and other professionals
G. When someone puts up his both hands, he probably gives in to his enemies
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Some of the world’s most significant problems never hit headlines. One example comes from agriculture. Food unrest and hunger make news. But the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about. This is the decline in the growth in production of some of the world’s major crops. A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where, and how far, this decline is occurring.
The authors study the four most important crops: rice, wheat, corn and soybeans. They find that the improvement in yields that took place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s.
There are two worrying features of the slowdown. One is that it has been particularly sharp in the world’s most populous (人口多的) countries, India and China. Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets. That self-sufficiency cannot be taken for granted if yields continue to slow down.
Second, production growth has been lower in wheat and rice than in corn and soybeans. This is problematic because wheat and rice are more important as foods, accounting for around half of all calories consumed. Corn and soybeans are more important as feed grains. The authors note that “We have preferentially focused our crop improvement efforts on feeding animals and cars rather than on crops that feed people and are the basis of food security in much of the world.”
The report qualifies the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests that the world will not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050, as the Food and Agriculture Organisation has argued.
Instead, it says, thanks to slowing population growth, land currently ploughed up for crops might be able to revert (回返) to forest or wilderness. This could happen. The trouble is that the forecast assumes continued improvements in production, which may not actually happen.
1.What does the author try to draw attention to?
A.Food riots and hunger in the world.
B.News headlines in the leading media.
C.The decline of the grain production growth.
D.The food supply in populous countries.
2.Why does the author mention India and China in particular?
A.Their self-sufficiency is vital to the stability of world food markets.
B.Their food yields have begun to decrease sharply in recent years.
C.Their big populations are causing worldwide concerns.
D.Their food self-sufficiency has been taken for granted.
3.What does the Food and Agriculture Organization say about world food production in the coming decades?
A.The growing population will greatly increase the pressure on world food supplies.
B.The optimistic prediction about food production should be viewed with caution.
C.The slowdown of the growth in yields of major food crops will be reversed.
D.The world will be able to feed its population without increasing farmland.
4.How does the author view the argument of the Food and Agriculture Organisation?
A.It is built on the findings of a new study.
B.It is based on a doubtful assumption.
C.It is backed by strong evidence.
D.It is open to further discussion.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
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Some of the world’s most significant problems never hit headlines. One example comes from agriculture. Food riots(暴乱) and hunger make news, but the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about. This is the decline in the growth in yields of some of the world’s major crops. A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where, and how far, this decline is occurring.
The authors take a vast number of data pointing for the four most important crops； rice, wheat, corn and soybeans. They find that on between 24 and 39% of all harvested areas, the improvement in yields that took place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s.
There are two worrying features of the slowdown. One is that it has been particularly sharp in the world's most populous(人口多的) countries，India and China.
Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets. That self-sufficiency cannot be taken for granted if yields continue to slow down or reverse.
Second, yield growth has been lower in wheat and rice than in corn and soybeans. This is problematic because wheat and rice are more important as foods’ accounting for around half of all calories consumed. Corn and soybeans are more important as feed grains. The authors note that we have preferentially focused our crop improvement efforts on feeding animals and cars rather than on crops that feed people and are the basis of food security in much of the world.
The report qualifies the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests that the world will not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050, as the Food and Agriculture Organization has argued. Instead, it says, thanks to slowing population growth, land currently ploughed (耕）up for crops might be able to revert to forest or wilderness. This could happen. The trouble is that the forecast assumes continued improvements in yields, which may not actually happen.
1.Which crops are mentioned in the text?
A. Rice，corn，soybeans and wheat.
B. Rice，corn, wheat and peas.
C. Wheat，corn，soybean and potatoes.
D. Corn，wheat, tomatoes and soybeans.
2.What does the author try to draw attention to?
A. Food riots and hunger in the world.
B. The decline of the grain yield growth.
C. News headlines in the leading media*
D. The food supply in populous countries.
3.Why does the author mention India and China in particular?
A. Their self-sufficiency is vital to the stability of world food markets.
B. Their food yields have begun to decrease sharply in recent years.
C. Their big populations are causing worldwide concerns.
D. Their food self-sufficiency has been taken for granted.
4.What does the underlined word “revert” mean in the last paragraph?
A. grow worse
B. put in the place of another
C. gain through experience
D. go back to a previous state
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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完形填空
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One of the most significant actions of your life is that you support someone when you help him or her through a challenging time. However, the best is that when you support others, you are also supporting yourself. When you to give support to others, it is usually a that you are also stopping giving support to yourself.
I was hooked on a story about Donna, which clearly showed the of support.
Several months ago, Donna had just broken up with her boyfriend and had a difficult time accepting the . She refused to be accompanied and stayed at home , weeping all the time ,which certainly was not helping.
Early one morning, Donna received a phone call with some news: her best friend’s brother had been in an accident. Donna had known this friend, Mary, and her brother her entire life, and the news was devastating. Donna her sadness and got the soon and drove to Mary’s house to be with her.
At the and afterwards, she held Mary close while she cried tears, sat by her side as the waves of grief Mary, and slept next to her to make sure she did not wake up alone. During that time she hardly felt any in her heart.
Several weeks later, when life began to return to normal, Donna that the level of support she had given Mary far overtook any support she had herself during her dark time. She was able to use the support she had given her friend as a for the support she needed.
When you find yourself to support others, see if there’s something within yourself that is not supporting. , when you give complete support to others, it’ll mirror those places within you that require the same level of attention.
1.A. policy B. part C. position D. pattern
2.A. refuse B. pretend C. start D. decide
3.A. sight B. signature C. sign D. signal
4.A. example B. power C. function D. definition
5.A. disaster B. truth C. divorce D. loss
6.A. quietly B. worriedly C. alone D. along
7.A. terrible B. amazing C. dangerous D. surprising
8.A. claimed B. killed C. injured D. caught
9.A. really B. barely C. exactly D. nearly
10.A. removed B. overcame C. recognized D. changed
11.A. door B. gate C. car D. bus
12.A. pray B. party C. funeral D. break
13.A. endless B. enough C. permanent D. consistent
14.A. ran over B. turned over C. washed over D. looked over
15.A. sadness B. horror C. panic D. thrill
16.A. recalled B. realized C. reminded D. remembered
17.A. presented B. provided C. favored D. offered
18.A. mirror B. candle C. challenge D. gift
19.A. incredible B. inadequate C. unable D. unlikely
20.A. In short B. In other words C. On the whole D. On the contrary
高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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________ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.
A． If only B． After
C． Although D． In case
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析