Doctors sometimes use light therapy to treat a form of depression in people who get too little morning sun. But too much light at other times may actually cause such mood disorder. Long-lasting exposure to light at night brings depression, a new study finds, at least in animals.
The new data confirm observations from studies of people who work night shifts, says Richard Stevens of the University of Connecticut Health Center. Mood disorders join a growing list of problems, including cancer, obesity and diabetes that can occur when light throws life out of balance by disturbing the biological clock and its timing of daily rhythms.
In the new study, Tracy Bedrosian and Randy Nelson of Ohio State University exposed mice to normal light and dark cycles for four weeks. For the next four weeks, half of the mice remained on this schedule, and the rest received continuous dim light throughout their night. Compared with mice exposed to normal night-time darkness, those getting dim light at night lost their strong preference for sweet drinks. “A sign that they no longer get pleasure out of activities they once enjoyed,” Bedrosian says.
In a second test, mice were clocked on how long they actively tried to escape a pool of water. Those exposed to night lights stopped struggling and just floated in the water, a sign of “behavioral despair”, 10 times as long as the mice that had experienced normal night-time darkness. All symptoms of depression disappeared within two weeks of the mice returning to a normal light-dark cycle, the researchers report. The scientists could also quash the behavioral symptoms by injecting the brains of animals with a drug that prohibits the activity of certain molecules linked with human depression. This finding further suggests that light at night may cause something related to depression.
Human studies linking night-time light and mood disorders are important but can not easily detect molecular underpinnings(分子基础) as animal studies can, says George Brainard of Thomas Jefferson University. The new work, he says, suggests that the change of the biological clock by light at night can be “an extremely powerful force in regulating biology and behavior”.
1.After being exposed to continuous night-time light, the mice __________.
A. changed their preferences
B. escaped from the water more eagerly
C. remained active as before
D. showed less interest in their favorites
2.What does the underlined word “quash” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. study B. predict
C. ease D. cause
3.We can learn from the last paragraph that _______________.
A. light at night may have practical value
B. the biological clock is beneficial to humans
C. human mood disorders cannot be healed easily
D. human studies are more important than animal studies
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Night-time light may cause depression.
B. A drug has been found to cure mood disorders.
C. The study on animals can be applied to humans.
D. Human biological clock can be controlled by light.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Doctors sometimes use light therapy to treat a form of depression in people who get too little morning sun. But too much light at other times may actually cause such mood disorder. Long-lasting exposure to light at night brings depression, a new study finds, at least in animals.
The new data confirm observations from studies of people who work night shifts, says Richard Stevens of the University of Connecticut Health Center. Mood disorders join a growing list of problems, including cancer, obesity and diabetes that can occur when light throws life out of balance by disturbing the biological clock and its timing of daily rhythms.
In the new study, Tracy Bedrosian and Randy Nelson of Ohio State University exposed mice to normal light and dark cycles for four weeks. For the next four weeks, half of the mice remained on this schedule, and the rest received continuous dim light throughout their night. Compared with mice exposed to normal night-time darkness, those getting dim light at night lost their strong preference for sweet drinks. “A sign that they no longer get pleasure out of activities they once enjoyed,” Bedrosian says.
In a second test, mice were clocked on how long they actively tried to escape a pool of water. Those exposed to night lights stopped struggling and just floated in the water, a sign of “behavioral despair”, 10 times as long as the mice that had experienced normal night-time darkness. All symptoms of depression disappeared within two weeks of the mice returning to a normal light-dark cycle, the researchers report. The scientists could also quash the behavioral symptoms by injecting the brains of animals with a drug that prohibits the activity of certain molecules linked with human depression. This finding further suggests that light at night may cause something related to depression.
Human studies linking night-time light and mood disorders are important but can not easily detect molecular underpinnings(分子基础) as animal studies can, says George Brainard of Thomas Jefferson University. The new work, he says, suggests that the change of the biological clock by light at night can be “an extremely powerful force in regulating biology and behavior”.
1.After being exposed to continuous night-time light, the mice __________.
A. changed their preferences
B. escaped from the water more eagerly
C. remained active as before
D. showed less interest in their favorites
2.What does the underlined word “quash” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. study B. predict
C. ease D. cause
3.We can learn from the last paragraph that _______________.
A. light at night may have practical value
B. the biological clock is beneficial to humans
C. human mood disorders cannot be healed easily
D. human studies are more important than animal studies
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Night-time light may cause depression.
B. A drug has been found to cure mood disorders.
C. The study on animals can be applied to humans.
D. Human biological clock can be controlled by light.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Literature is a kind of intellectual light, just like the light of the sun, sometimes enabling us to see ________we do not like.
A.what B.how C.when D.that
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Packaging is an important form of advertising.A package can sometimes motivate someone to buy a product.For example, a small child might ask for a breakfast food that comes in a box with a picture of a TV character.The child is more interested in the picture than in breakfast food.Pictures for children to color or cut out, games printed on a package, or a small gift inside a box also motivate many children to buy products or to ask their parents to buy for them.
Some packages suggest that a buyer will get something for nothing.Food products sold in reusable containers are examples of this.Although a similar product in a plain container might cost less, people often prefer to buy the product in a reusable glass or dish, because they believe the container is free.However, the cost of the container is added to the cost of the product.The size of a package also motivates a buyer.Maybe the package had “Economy Size” or “Family Size” printed on it.This suggests that the larger size has the most product for the least money.But that is not always true.To find it out, a buyer has to know how the product is sold and the price of the basic unit.
The information on the package should provide some answers.But the important thing for any buyer to remember is that a package is often an advertisement.The words and pictures do not tell the whole story.Only the product inside can do that.
1.From the passage we know the buyer pays more attention to __________.
A.the size of a container |
B.a container with attractive picture |
C.a well-designed container |
D.a plain container with low cost |
2.What suggestion does the author give in the passage?
A.It’s not good to buy the product which is sold in a glass or dish. |
B.The quality of a container has nothing to do with the quality of the product. |
C.The best choice for a buyer is to buy a product in a plain package. |
D.A buyer should buy what he needs most rather than a well-designed package. |
3.What is the best title for the passage?
A.How to Package a Product. |
B.How to Make an Advertisement. |
C.How to Sell Product. |
D.How to Treat the Package Wisely. |
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Packaging is an important form of advertising. A package can sometimes motivate someone to buy a product. For example, a small child might ask for a breakfast food that comes in a box with a picture of a TV character. The child is more interested in the picture than in the breakfast food. Pictures for children to color or cut out, games printed on a package, or small gifts inside a box also motivate many children to buy products—or to ask their parents for them.
Some packages suggest that a buyer will get something for nothing. Food products sold in reusable containers are examples of this. Although a similar product in a plain container might cost less, people often prefer to buy the product in a reusable glass or dish, because they believe the container is free. However, the cost of the container is added to the cost of the product.
The size of a package also motivates a buyer. Maybe the package has “Economy Size” or “Family Size” printed on it. This suggests that the large size has the most products for the least money. But that is not always true. A buyer has to know how the product is sold and the price of the basic unit.
The information on the package should provide some answers. But the important thing for any buyer to remember is that a package is often an advertisement. The words and pictures do not tell the whole story. Only the product inside can do that.
1.The underlined words “a buyer will get something for nothing” (Paragraph 2) most probably mean that _________.
A. a buyer will not get what he wants B. a buyer will gain more than he loses
C. a buyer will get what he pays for D. a buyer will get something useful free of charge
2.Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. On seeing a well-designed container, a buyer often neglects(忽略)what is inside it.
B. A buyer is also attracted by the size of the container.
C. Children are often made to buy a product by its package with attractive pictures.
D. Packaging is often a successful advertisement.
3.What suggestion does the author give in the passage?
A. The best choice for a buyer is to get a product in a plain package.
B. A buyer should get what he needs most.
C. Do not buy the product which is sold in a glass or dish.
D. A buyer should know that the quality of a container has little to do with the quality of the product.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Until a century ago, bloodletting was used to treat many ailments. Dating back to before the time of Christ, the treatment involved letting a type of worm, called a leech, such blood from the patient. People believed that there were liquids called humors in the body and that these determined a person’s personality and heath. Bloodletting, they thought, restored a balance to these humors.
At the time, little was known of the working of the human body, but people did know that the same liquid, blood, flowed throughout everyone’s body. They knew it was a vital substance, for loss of any great amount of it meant certain death. Thus, they concluded that all diseases were carried in the bloodstream, and that if the body was relieved of bad blood, heath would return. Bloodletting, however, came to be used as a cure-all. Woman were bled to keep them from blushing while members of the clergy were bled to prevent them from thinking sinful and worldly thoughts.
From the 11th to the 18th centuries, barbers were the people to go to if you needed to be bled. This custom explains the significance of the traditional barber’s pole: the white stripes stand for bandages and the red stripe for blood.
1. This passage is concerned about .
healthy people and doctors B. bleeding as a cure-all
C. barbers of long ago D. leeches with special jobs to do
2. The red and white stripes on barber pole symbolize .
sin and redemption B. the bleeding form
C. women who are nurses D. humors in the body
3. Why is bloodletting no longer considered a cure-all?
Because more is known about the workings of the human body.
Because leeches were outlawed
Because barbers were too busy cutting hair.
Because today we know that blood is necessary for health
4. In the second paragraph, the word “Thus” could be replaced by the word .
A. When B. However C. If D. So
5. Ailments means .
A. cures B. women C. disease D. medicines
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
A drug used to treat severe bleeding could save thousands of lives for mothers giving birth. A global trial of the drug found it reduced the risk of bleeding deaths during childbirth by nearly one-third. The study involved 20,000 women in 21 countries, mainly in Africa and Asia. The trial was carried out by London's School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The drug is called d tranexamic acid (氨甲环酸). It is low-cost and researchers said it does not cause serious side effects for mothers or babies.
The drug is used to treat mothers for severe bleeding during childbirth, also known as postpartum hemorrhage (产后出血).It is the leading cause of mother’s death worldwide, according to the World Health Organization.
Haleema Shakur is the project director of the trial. She says despite medical advances in many countries, severe bleeding after childbirth remains a big problem in some parts of the world. “It's one of the biggest killers of mothers. In Africa and Asia. about 10 percent of women will end up with severe bleeding. " The drug works by stopping blood clots(血凝块) from breaking down after a mother gives birth. The treatment can prevent the need for doctors to perform surgery to find the source of bleeding.
Shakur said the best results were reported when the drug was given to women as soon as possible after childbirth, “The earlier you give it- so within the first three hours of giving birth—the better the effect is. ”
The next step will be to get the drug where it is needed provide training for doctors and nurses on how to use it. During the trial, women were given the drug in a hospital. But researchers are looking for easier ways to administer the drug so it can be more widely used in small clinics and rural areas.
1.Tranexamic acid is a drug that________ .
A.should be used for every mother
B.helps mothers before giving birth
C.ensures most new-born babies’ health
D.can help mothers giving birth stop bleeding
2.What is the reachers’ next plan?
A.To know how much the drug is.
B.To get permission to use the drug.
C.To let more people know the drug.
D.To make medical staff know how to use the drug.
3.What can we learn from the text?
A.The more mothers use the drug, the better its effect is.
B.African and Asian countries made great progress in medicine.
C.There is a long way to go before the drug can be used more widely.
D.Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of women’s death.
4.What may be the best title for the text?
A.Care for the Health of Mothers
B.How Can We Use Tranexamic Acid Well?
C.Childbirth Drug Greatly Reduces Bleeding Deaths
D.What's the Biggest Killer of Mothers?
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
A drug used to treat severe bleeding could save thousands of lives for mothers giving birth. A global trial of the drug found it reduced the risk of bleeding deaths during childbirth by nearly one-third. The study involved 20,000 women in 21 countries, mainly in Africa and Asia. The trial was carried out by London's School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The drug is called d tranexamic acid (氨甲环酸). It is low-cost and researchers said it does not cause serious side effects for mothers or babies.
The drug is used to treat mothers for severe bleeding during childbirth, also known as postpartum hemorrhage (产后出血).It is the leading cause of mother’s death worldwide, according to the World Health Organization.
Haleema Shakur is the project director of the trial. She says despite medical advances in many countries, severe bleeding after childbirth remains a big problem in some parts of the world. “It's one of the biggest killers of mothers. In Africa and Asia. about 10 percent of women will end up with severe bleeding. " The drug works by stopping blood clots(血凝块) from breaking down after a mother gives birth. The treatment can prevent the need for doctors to perform surgery to find the source of bleeding.
Shakur said the best results were reported when the drug was given to women as soon as possible after childbirth, “The earlier you give it- so within the first three hours of giving birth—the better the effect is. ”
The next step will be to get the drug where it is needed provide training for doctors and nurses on how to use it. During the trial, women were given the drug in a hospital. But researchers are looking for easier ways to administer the drug so it can be more widely used in small clinics and rural areas.
1.Tranexamic acid is a drug that .
A. should be used for every mother
B. helps mothers before giving birth
C. ensures most new-born babies’ health
D. can help mothers giving birth stop bleeding
2.What is the reachers’next plan?
A. To know how much the drug is.
B. To get permission to use the drug.
C. To let more people know the drug.
D. To make medical staff know how to use the drug.
3.What can we learn from the text?
A. The more mothers use the drug, the better its effect is.
B. African and Asian countries made great progress in medicine.
C. There is a long way to go before the drug can be used more widely.
D. Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of women’s death.
4.What may be the best title for the text?
A. Care for the Health of Mothers
B. How Can We Use Tranexamic Acid Well?
C. Childbirth Drug Greatly Reduces Bleeding Deaths
D. What's the Biggest Killer of Mothers?
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
What is TOVIAZ?
TOVIAZ is a medicine used in adults to treat the symptoms of a condition called overactive bladder(膀胱).
Who is TOVIAZ for?
Adults 18 years older with symptoms of overactive bladder.
Don’t take TOVIAZ if you:
★ Your stomach empties slowly.
★ Have eye problems.
★ Are allergic to any ingredients of TOVIAZ.
Possible side effects of TOVIAZ
★ Dry mouth.
★ Constipation
★ Dry eyes.
★ Trouble empting the bladder
These aren’t all possible side effects of TOVIAZ. For a complete list, ask your doctor.
How to take TOVIAZ:
★ Your doctor may give you the lower 4mg dose of TOVIAZ if you have severe kidney problem.
★ Take TOVIAZ with liquid and swallow the tablet whole. Do not chew, divide or crush the tablet.
★ You can take TOVIAZ with or without food.
★ If you miss a dose of TOVIAZ, start taking it again the next day.
Things you should keep in mind when taking TOVIAZ:
★ Decreased sweating and severe heat illness can occur when medicines such as TOVIAZ are used in hot environments.
★ Drinking alcohol while taking TOVIAZ may cause increased sleepiness.
1.
What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To show the importance of taking proper medicine. |
B.To present a report on a scientific research. |
C.To give information about a kind of medicine. |
D.To teach patients ways of recovery from illness. |
2.
The main function of TOVIAZ is to treat__________.
A.kidney problem |
B.stomach problem |
C.dry mouth or eyes |
D.overactive bladder |
3.
What can be inferred from the passage?
A.There are only four possible side effects of TOVIAZ. |
B.It’s suggested that TOVIAZ be used for adults 18 years older. |
C.Don’t take TOVIAZ if you are allergic to its ingredient. |
D.You may feel excited while eating TOVIAZ with alcohol. |
4.
Which of the statements about taking TOVIAZ is TRUE?
A.If you miss a dose of, do take it right away on the same day. |
B.It’s OK to take it with food or without food. |
C.Chew the tablet well before you swallow it. |
D.Use TOVIAZ in hot environment to cure heat illness. |
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The drug used to treat this disease causes bad side effects, some of which ________ deadly.
A.is B.are
C.was D.were
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
People turn to magic chiefly as a form of insurance—that is, they use it along with actions that actually bring results. For example, hunters may use a hunting charm (咒语). But they also use their hunting skills and knowledge of animals. The charm may give hunters the extra confidence they need to hunt even more successfully than they would without it. If they shoot a lot of game (猎物), they credit the charm for their success. Many events happen naturally without magic. Crops grow without it, and sick people get well without it.But if people use magic to bring a good harvest or to cure a patient, they may believe the magic was responsible.
People also tend to forget magic’s failures and to be impressed by its surface successes. They may consider magic successful if it appears to work only 10 percent of the time. Even when magic fails, people often explain the failure without doubting the power of the magic. They may say that the magician made a mistake in reciting the spell or that another magician cast a more powerful spell against the magician.
Many anthropologists (人类学家) believe that people have faith in magic because they feel a need to believe in it. People may turn to magic to reduce their fear and uncertainty if they feel they have no control over the outcome of a situation. For example, farmers use knowledge and skill when they plant their fields. But they know that weather, insects, or diseases might ruin the crops. So farmers in some societies may also plant a charm or perform a magic rite (仪式) to ensure a good harvest.
1. From the passage, we can learn that the writer of the passage may be _______.
A. a hunter B. a farmer
C. a magician D. an anthropologist
2. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Magic And Hunting.
B. Magic And Farming.
C. Why Magic Works?
D. Why People Believe in Magic?
3. The underlined word “spell” (Paragraph 2) most likely means ______.
A. magic words B. magic events
C. words or expressions D. magicians
4. People believe in magic because________.
A. magic powers are greater than natural powers
B. magic can turn dreams into reality
C. they are not sure of themselves
D. magic can bring good results
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Even though magic fails, believers in magic will explain the reason.
B. Believers in magic usually overstate the power of magic.
C. People use magic to reduce their uncertainty and give them extra confidence.
D. Magic can solve problems people can’t deal with in a natural way.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析