Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to “think and concentrate.” Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests.
In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well.
The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.
In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.
The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.
“As our tests became more complex.” Sums up Spilich, “non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins” He predicts, “smokers might perform adequately at many jobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.”
1.The purpose of George Spilich’s experiments is _______.
A. to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers
B. to show how smoking damages people’s mental capacity
C. to prove that smoking affects people’s regular performance
D. to find out whether smoking helps people’s short-term memory
2.Which of the following statements is true?
A. Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.
B. Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.
C. Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.
D. Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.
3.We can infer from the last paragraph that _______.
A. smokers should not expect to become airline pilots
B. smoking in emergency cases causes mental illness
C. no airline pilots smoke during flights
D. smokers may prove unequal to handing emergency cases
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to “think and concentrate.” Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests.
In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well.
The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.
In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.
The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.
“As our tests became more complex.” Sums up Spilich, “non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins” He predicts, “smokers might perform adequately at many jobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.”
1.The purpose of George Spilich’s experiments is _______.
A. to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers
B. to show how smoking damages people’s mental capacity
C. to prove that smoking affects people’s regular performance
D. to find out whether smoking helps people’s short-term memory
2.Which of the following statements is true?
A. Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.
B. Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.
C. Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.
D. Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.
3.We can infer from the last paragraph that _______.
A. smokers should not expect to become airline pilots
B. smoking in emergency cases causes mental illness
C. no airline pilots smoke during flights
D. smokers may prove unequal to handing emergency cases
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chuck Wall teaches management and human relations at Bakersfield College. One day, he told his students that their homework was to perform a simple and random act of kindness. Not 1.(understand) the homework, the students didn't know what to do. Chuck didn't answer their questions. 2.,he encouraged his students to work it out by themselves.
One week later, the students entered the classroom and began sharing their stories 3.(excited). One student reported helping a poor dog 4. (abandon) by its owner. Another student told others about giving blankets away to the homeless. Gradually, more and more students developed the habit of doing such kind acts, from 5. they benefited a lot.
Since then, similar kind acts 6. (perform) in schools around the world. Many schools organize a Random Acts of Kindness Week7.(celebrate) World Kindness Day. Some schools use each day of the Random Acts of Kindness Week to perform a 8.(differ) kind act, such9. making a new friend, helping someone, doing community service or raising money for a charity. In this way, students learn to consider other people and think about how small actions can make the world a10. (good) place.
高三英语信息匹配中等难度题查看答案及解析
(2013·高考福建卷)—Do you think George has passed the driving test?
—No.If so,he ________his car to our college yesterday.
A.would drive B.drove
C.would have driven D.had driven
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
245. After work, the young man and his colleagues went to the nearest _____ and sat down at the table for a grand dinner.
A.bar | B.Cafe | C.restaurant | D.dining-room |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Thomas Wallin at Cornell University in New York and his colleagues have created soft robotic grippers(机械爪)that are capable of sweating to cool down.
The grippers are capable of a cooling capacity of 107 watts per kilogram,making them more efficient sweaters than mammals.By comparison,humans and horses have a maximum cooling capacity around 35 watts per kilogram.
Each gripper consists of three finger-like parts that bend simultaneously(同步地)to grasp small objects.The 3D-printed grippers are made from hydrogels -materials which can store large amounts of water.Each finger is made from an underlayer with an internal channel to let fluid flow and is capped with a surface layer containing micropores(微孔)。
At cold temperatures,the pores close.At temperatures higher than 30C,the surface layer expands,enabling pressurised fluid from the underlayer to sweat out.The material responds simultaneously to temperature changes without the need for external sensors.
"Sweating takes advantage of evaporative water loss to rapidly dissipate(使消散)heat,”said Wallin in a press briefing yesterday.Unlike convection or radiation,sweating lowers the temperature of a body below that of its environment,he said.
"When the local temperature rose above the transition,the pores would simply open on their own,"said Wallin.
When blown by wind from a fan,the sweating robots cooled at a rate of 39.1C per minute, about six times faster than similar devices that are unable to sweat.The technique could be used to help robots operate for long periods of time without overheating,said team-member Robert Shepherd,also at Cornwell.
However,there is currently no means for the robot to replenish(补充)its fluid stores after sweating.This means"the robots that operate via the autonomous sweating that we've created would have to also be able to drink",said Shepherd.
1.What is the most distinct feature of soft robotic grippers?
A.They can cool themselves down by sweating.
B.They can grasp objects like human fingers.
C.They can store large amounts of water.
D.They're 3D printed and can bend.
2.What is the fundamental principle behind the sweating of robotic grippers?
A.Three parts of each gripper bend at the same time.
B.The external sensors detect the temperature change.
C.Heat expands the material and squeezes the liquid out.
D.Radiation lowers the temperature below the environment.
3.We can conclude from the last paragraph that the robots
A.can sweat by themselves
B.need to be refilled with water
C.can sense thirst and drink water
D.can work long without overheating
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Jeremy Kerr, a researcher at the University of Ottawa in Canada, and his colleagues analyzed more than 400,000 observations of bumblebee species collected in North America and Europe from 1975 to 2010. When the researchers recorded the locations of these bee populations, they found that many of the 67 species analyzed were moving northward from their southern limits while the northern edges of the bees’ ranges are staying in place. What it results in is obvious.
Bees have been paid more attention to in recent years, with populations of honeybees and bumblebees obviously declining in some parts of Europe. Previously, attention on the decline of bee populations has focused on causes including habitat loss, pesticide use and the spread of bee parasites(寄生虫). But the work by Kerr’s team found something different.
"For every species, there is one or two species declining and others that are not moving at all," says Kerr. This shift has also been observed in other species, such as butterflies. But due to a new cause — the rise of temperatures instead of total pesticide use, a change in land use or parasites, bumblebees — unlike butterflies — have failed to extend the northern boundaries of their ranges into the territory that is now habitable for them, so bumblebee species across Europe and North America are declining rapidly, the latest study led by Kerr’s team finds. "Our data suggest that the new factor plays a leading, or perhaps the leading, role in this trend," says Kerr.
"This study shows that a fourth factor is also beginning to affect it. It is likely that the combined stresses from all of these pressures will have destructive impacts on bumblebees in the not-too-distant future," says Dave Goulson, a bee researcher at the University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
Exactly what can be done to help bumblebees is not clear. Kerr’s team suggests that relocating colonies might be an answer but Goulson says that because the insects are mobile they are capable of moving northwards if there is suitable habitat available.
1.What does the move of the bees’ southern limits lead to?
A. The birth of new bee species.
B. The rise of the bees’ population.
C. The evolution of the bees.
D. The reduction of the bees’ habitat.
2.What’s the new cause of bee populations’ declining according to Kerr?
A. Habitat loss.
B. Pesticide use.
C. Climate change.
D. The spread of bee parasites.
3.Which statement may Goulson agree with?
A. Relocating bumblebees isn’t much good.
B. The findings of Kerr’s study are doubtful.
C. The future of bumblebees is still promising.
D. Knowing bumblebees’ living habits is the most urgent.
4.What kind of writing is this passage?
A. A book review.
B. An announcement.
C. A scientific report.
D. An official report.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Liz had been bleeding for a long time! She was my closest professional colleague and good friend at the time when we worked in an IT company. It was her first day back at work after an operation and I thought she should have taken a few more days to recover.
Realizing that we couldn’t stop the bleeding, we headed to the emergency room and spent hours there waiting to be seen. After the treatment, I drove her to my apartment. I had to leave her in my apartment while I dashed off to take a final exam for a very important course I was taking. Upon my return, we decided Liz was in a good enough condition to sustain a trip back from my Northern Virginia apartment to her home in Maryland.
Although it was nearly midnight and we were both exhausted, we still decided to set off. Unfortunately, in a not particularly safe part of town, we heard my car make a strange noise, and then ti was shaking violently as we drove along. Quickly, I stopped the car in the road and found a tire had blown out. Not knowing how to change a tire and feeling scared, I was trying out to figure out what to do next. Liz, weak from losing all that blood all day and weighing only about eighty pounds to begin with, came out and tried to help me. I had to scream at her to get back in the car and relax.
Within seconds, a taxi pulled up behind us. A huge man appeared and began walking toward us. I felt that the blood drained out of my face and I nearly fainted in fear.
“Got a flat tire, girls?” he asked.
“Yes,” I answered in a trembling voice.
In no time at all, the man changed the tire for us and rushed off back to his taxi. He refused any payment and did not even tell me his name. He would never know how badly we needed his services that particular evening. And I, with a grateful heart, will never forget his kindness.
1.The author thought that Liz was bleeding because .
A. she worked too hard in an IT company
B. she had an operation but didn’t rest enough
C. she hurt herself in the workplace carelessly
D. she had a long trip from her house to the company
2.What was the author doing when Liz was in her apartment?
A. She was seeing a doctor. B. She was waiting for help.
C. She was taking an exam. D. She was travelling in Maryland.
3.According to the paragraph 3, which of the following is true?
A. The author decided to send Liz back because they rested well.
B. The car’s tire blew out when they reached a safe place in the town.
C. The author felt puzzled as she didn’t know how to change tire.
D. Liz came out to help because she was strong enough.
4.Seeing the man coming out of the taxi, the author felt .
A. frightened B. delighted C. annoyed D. Excited
5.The passage is intended to .
A. report a medical emergency
B. show us how to change a car tire
C. warn us of the danger in the town
D. tell us about a midnight assistance
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Liz had been bleeding for a long time! She was my closest professional colleague and good friend at the time when we worked in an IT company. It was her first day back at work after an operation and I thought she should have taken a few more days to recover.
Realizing that we couldn’t stop the bleeding, we headed to the emergency room and spent hours there waiting to be seen. After the treatment, I drove her to my apartment. I had to leave her in my apartment while I dashed off to take a final exam for a very important course I was taking. Upon my return, we decided Liz was in a good enough condition to sustain a trip back from my Northern Virginia apartment to her home in Maryland.
Although it was nearly midnight and we were both exhausted, we still decided to set off. Unfortunately, in a not particularly safe part of town, we heard my car make a strange noise, and then ti was shaking violently as we drove along. Quickly, I stopped the car in the road and found a tire had blown out. Not knowing how to change a tire and feeling scared, I was trying out to figure out what to do next. Liz, weak from losing all that blood all day and weighing only about eighty pounds to begin with, came out and tried to help me. I had to scream at her to get back in the car and relax.
Within seconds, a taxi pulled up behind us. A huge man appeared and began walking toward us. I felt that the blood drained out of my face and I nearly fainted in fear.
“Got a flat tire, girls?” he asked.
“Yes,” I answered in a trembling voice.
In no time at all, the man changed the tire for us and rushed off back to his taxi. He refused any payment and did not even tell me his name. He would never know how badly we needed his services that particular evening. And I, with a grateful heart, will never forget his kindness.
1.The author thought that Liz was bleeding because .
A. she worked too hard in an IT company
B. she had an operation but didn’t rest enough
C. she hurt herself in the workplace carelessly
D. she had a long trip from her house to the company
2.What was the author doing when Liz was in her apartment?
A. She was seeing a doctor.
B. She was waiting for help.
C. She was taking an exam.
D. She was travelling in Maryland.
3.According to the paragraph 3, which of the following is true?
A. The author decided to send Liz back because they rested well.
B. The car’s tire blew out when they reached a safe place in the town.
C. The author felt puzzled as she didn’t know how to change tire.
D. Liz came out to help because she was strong enough.
4.Seeing the man coming out of the taxi, the author felt .
A. frightened B. delighted
C. annoyed D. Excited
5.The passage is intended to .
A. report a medical emergency
B. show us how to change a car tire
C. warn us of the danger in the town
D. tell us about a midnight assistance
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A year ago I lost my wonderful friend and colleague Rachael Bland. She died at the age of just 40, two years after being diagnosed with breast cancer.
Her death knocked me for six. I knew it was coming and we had talked about it—but nothing prepared me for actually not having her in my life every day. The thing was, while we only knew each other for a short period of time, she had a huge impact on me. When I got diagnosed with stage 4 lung cancer, I made a whole new group of friends. Rachael was up there with the best of them. She understood exactly what I was going through, she shared my fears and was always there at 3 am to reassure me. She was my rock.
After Rachael died, I had a nervous breakdown. I hit numerous brick walls in the weeks and months that followed. My cancer was progressing and I fell into a dark place. I pushed it away but ignored the terror of it all and inevitably it all came crashing down around me. Great Sorrow hit me when I least expected. Her death felt like a bad dream. The emotional bit aside, one of the things I found really hard was to actually accept she died.
Rachael hoped that by starting the conversation around cancer, she could help other women avoid getting cancer too. It was her absolute determination and bravery at helping to break down taboos (禁忌) that will live on for generations to come.
Rachael showed me how to live with cancer. Even in her darkest days she was determined to show that cancer didn’t get to take over. She helped remind me to get busy living with cancer rather than worry about dying of it. She was in the bottom of my heart forever.
1.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.I was beaten six times.
B.Her death gave me the strength.
C.She was knocked down and died.
D.Her death made me very shocked.
2.Why did the author hit the brick walls?
A.She wanted to end up her life.
B.She couldn’t stand the pain of cancer.
C.She had been suffering from nightmares.
D.She was too sorrowful to accept Rachael’s death.
3.What is Rachael’s wish?
A.To help women fight against fear.
B.To assess women’s conversational skills.
C.To prevent other women from getting cancer.
D.To inspire sick people to hope for their future.
4.Which of the following best describes Rachael?
A.Optimistic. B.Weak.
C.Humorous. D.Demanding.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
George Washington selected the city the site of the US capital, but the name “District of Columbia” was chosen ________ Christopher Columbus.
A. in return for B. in the case of C. in the eyes of D. in honor of
高三英语选择题简单题查看答案及解析