A new device (设备) works like a solar panel, except it doesn't harvest energy from the sun to produce electricity. Instead, it uses energy from the cold night sky.
In the center of this device is a thermoelectric generator (热电发电机), which uses the temperature difference between Earth and outer space to create electricity.
As long as one side of it is cooler than the other, the generator can produce electricity. The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate. That plate is sealed under a transparent cover and surrounded with materials that keep heat out. It stays cooler than the surrounding air by getting rid of any heat it absorbs as infrared (红外线的) radiation. That radiation can zip up through the transparent cover and on toward outer space.
The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plate, which is warmed by the local air. At night, the top plate can get several degrees centigrade cooler than the bottom of the generator.
Researchers tested the device one clear December night in Stanford, Calif. The generator produced up to about 25 milliwatts of power per square meter of the device. That was just enough power to light a small electric lamp. Further improvements might develop its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter.
"It's a very clever idea," says Yuan Yang, a materials scientist who works at Columbia University in New York City. "The device still needs improving," he notes. "But this new device may be useful for backup power," Yang says. "It might also provide a bit of energy to people living in areas that lack electricity."
"The device could help power remote weather stations or other environmental devices," says Aaswath Raman, a materials scientist who worked on the device at the University of California, Los Angeles. What's more, this may be useful in areas that don't see sunlight for months at a time, Raman adds.
1.How is the device designed?
A.It includes two aluminum plates with different functions.
B.It is equipped with a heat resistant generator in the center.
C.Its two aluminum plates are exposed to air to keep heat out.
D.Its generator is sealed by a transparent cover to remain cool.
2.What is the limitation with the tested device?
A.It won't be expanded to be much larger.
B.It fails to produce electricity fast enough.
C.It is unable to power small electric lamps.
D.It produces a limited amount of electricity.
3.In paragraph 6, Yuan Yang mainly intends to .
A.evaluate the device on a positive basis
B.point out the problems with the device
C.explain the research work for the device
D.comment on Aaswath Raman's prediction
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Lamps Are Powered by the Energy From the Cold Night Sky
B.A Generator Producing Electricity Has Been Applied in Many Areas
C.Scientists Have Made a Breakthrough in Harvesting Green Energy
D.A Device Uses Energy From the Cold Night Sky to Produce Electricity
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
A new device (设备) works like a solar panel, except it doesn't harvest energy from the sun to produce electricity. Instead, it uses energy from the cold night sky.
In the center of this device is a thermoelectric generator (热电发电机), which uses the temperature difference between Earth and outer space to create electricity.
As long as one side of it is cooler than the other, the generator can produce electricity. The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate. That plate is sealed under a transparent cover and surrounded with materials that keep heat out. It stays cooler than the surrounding air by getting rid of any heat it absorbs as infrared (红外线的) radiation. That radiation can zip up through the transparent cover and on toward outer space.
The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plate, which is warmed by the local air. At night, the top plate can get several degrees centigrade cooler than the bottom of the generator.
Researchers tested the device one clear December night in Stanford, Calif. The generator produced up to about 25 milliwatts of power per square meter of the device. That was just enough power to light a small electric lamp. Further improvements might develop its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter.
"It's a very clever idea," says Yuan Yang, a materials scientist who works at Columbia University in New York City. "The device still needs improving," he notes. "But this new device may be useful for backup power," Yang says. "It might also provide a bit of energy to people living in areas that lack electricity."
"The device could help power remote weather stations or other environmental devices," says Aaswath Raman, a materials scientist who worked on the device at the University of California, Los Angeles. What's more, this may be useful in areas that don't see sunlight for months at a time, Raman adds.
1.How is the device designed?
A.It includes two aluminum plates with different functions.
B.It is equipped with a heat resistant generator in the center.
C.Its two aluminum plates are exposed to air to keep heat out.
D.Its generator is sealed by a transparent cover to remain cool.
2.What is the limitation with the tested device?
A.It won't be expanded to be much larger.
B.It fails to produce electricity fast enough.
C.It is unable to power small electric lamps.
D.It produces a limited amount of electricity.
3.In paragraph 6, Yuan Yang mainly intends to .
A.evaluate the device on a positive basis
B.point out the problems with the device
C.explain the research work for the device
D.comment on Aaswath Raman's prediction
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Lamps Are Powered by the Energy From the Cold Night Sky
B.A Generator Producing Electricity Has Been Applied in Many Areas
C.Scientists Have Made a Breakthrough in Harvesting Green Energy
D.A Device Uses Energy From the Cold Night Sky to Produce Electricity
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A new device works like a solar panel，except that it doesn’t harvest energy from the sun. It absorbs energy from the cold night sky.
A prototype(原型)of the device produced enough electricity at night to power a small light bulb. A bigger version might one day light rooms or charge phones. It also could power electronics in remote or low-resource areas that lack electricity.
The device makes use of the temperature difference between Earth and outer space. It then uses that difference to create electricity. As long as one side of it is cooler than the other，the generator can produce electricity. The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate. That plate is sealed beneath a transparent cover and surrounded with insulation(隔热材料) to keep out heat. The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plate. That plate is warmed by the local air. At night，the top plate can get a couple of degrees Celsius cooler than the bottom of the generator.
Researchers tested a 20-centimeter prototype one clear December night in Stanford，California. The generator produced up to about 25 milliwatts of power per square meter of device. That was enough power to light a small light-emitting diode，or LED bulb. Further improvements might increase its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter. To do that，the system might need more insulation around the cool top plate.
The device also could help power remote weather stations or other environmental devices，says Aaswath Raman. He is a materials scientist who worked on the device at the University of California，Los Angeles. This may be useful in polar regions that don’t see sunlight for months at a time，Raman says. “If you have some low-power load and you need to power it through three months of darkness，this might be a way. ”
1.What can we know about the new device?
A.It gains energy from the sun. B.It’s been widely used in life.
C.It is cooler than a solar panel. D.It’ll be popular in special areas.
2.What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 3?
A.Application fields of the device.
B.The developing process of the device.
C.The working principle of the device.
D.Significant effects of the device.
3.How can the device produce more electricity?
A.By putting more insulation around the top plate.
B.By using it in extremely cold and clear nights.
C.By attaching the bottom plate to a warm plate.
D.By covering the top plate with a transparent lid.
4.What could be a suitable title for the text?
A.A Device Using the Cold Night Sky to Produce Electricity
B.A Device Bringing New Hope for Those in the Cold Night
C.The Difference Between a Solar Panel and a New Device
D.The Temperature Difference Between Earth and Outer Space
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
When it comes to green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. 1.They are the witness of the country. And it would be incredibly wasteful to tear them all down and replace them with greener versions. 2.What’s more, it would take an average of 65 years for the reduced carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. 3.
But there is an unavoidable fact that nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and powering those aged houses. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust. With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy- efficient. 4.Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000.
5.Historic ones like Lincoln's Cottage can be transformed through efficiency upgrades. They can not only help protect property owners from rising power costs; They can save the earth.
A.But how to change their conditions?
B.But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes.
C.Some effective measures should be taken by government.
D.So some people say that the greenest way is to maintain old ones.
E.Fortunately, some relatively simple changes can green older homes.
F.Vast energy and resources went into the construction of those houses.
G.The main cause is the cracks that expand over time and let outside air in.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of modern, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines．But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be incredibly ________ to tear them all down and ________ them with greener versions．
An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses．And it would take an average of 65 years for the ________ carbon emissions (排放) from a(an) __ _ energy-efficient (节能) home to make up for the ________ lost by destroying an old one．
So in the broadest sense, the greenest home is the one that has already been built．But at the same time, ________ half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and powering our ________, offices and other buildings．"You can't deal with climate ________ without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust．
With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the ________ energy-efficient．Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that ________ over time and let in more outside ________.
,there are a vast number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from ________ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home．And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help ________ property owners from rising power ________.
1.A． terrible B．wasteful C．wonderful D．useful
2.A．put B．build C．replace D．take
3.A．reduced B．increased C．used D．destroyed
4.A．old B．fashionable C．new D．beautiful
5.A．magazines B．trees C．materials D．resources
6.A．nearly B．hardly C．rarely D．mostly
7.A．libraries B．schools C．homes D．stores
8.A．improvement B．appearance C．stability D．change
9.A．most B．really C．very D．least
10.A．expand B．narrow C．strengthen D．weaken
11.A．dust B．air C．smoke D．water
12.A．Oppositely B．Unfortunately C．Fortunately D．Frankly
13.A．historic B．worthless C．ordinary D．meaningless
14.A．charge B．protect C．punish D．warn
15.A．prices B．costs C．businesses D．bargains
高三英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
B
The Sieferts are the kind of environmentally conscious family who has solar panels atop their home. They use timers on their kids' showers and have planted drought-tolerant landscaping. But they feel kind of guilt. “I haven’t thought about the pool as much as I probably should,” said Annette Siefert.
As California's drought worsens, swimming pools have become a target for those who think the classic backyard greens waste water. Some water districts have banned new pools from being filled and have limited how much water existing pools can use.
But some of those agencies are walking back the rules as they make a surprising discovery: Pools aren't the water wasters some have made them out to be. Analyses by various water districts, along with scientific studies, conclude that pools and their surrounding landscapes use about the same amount of water as a lawn(草坪) of the same size. Over time, pools might even use less water. With pool covers, experts say water evaporation(蒸发)can be cut by almost half, making pools significantly less wasteful than grass and about as efficient as drought-tolerant landscaping.
Facing complaints over a recent ban on filling pools, the Santa Margarita Water District conducted its own water-use analysis. It found that pools require thousands of gallons of water to fill initially, but they use about 8,000 gallons less water than a traditional landscape after that. By the third year, the analysis found, the savings add up, and a pool's cumulative water use falls below that of a lawn.
Water agencies such as the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power have come to similar conclusions. Armed with new information, Santa Margarita Water District officials will reconsider their ban next week.
“We want to respect the people's rights to use their property. There are many families we know that have saved for pools,” said Jonathan Volzke, spokesman for the 155,000-customer district. “But at the same time, the reality around us is that we're in the third year of a serious drought, and we don't know if we're in the third year of a three-year drought or the third year of a 10-year drought.”
1.Annette Siefert feels guilty mainly because of ______.
A. being a typical water waster
B. the water-use of their swimming pool
C. her control over her kids' showers at home
D. the construction of the drought-tolerant landscaping
2.According to analyses and scientific studies, a swimming pool ______.
A. had belter be filled up in the beginning
B. becomes more efficient against drought
C. isn't what people think to be wasteful of water
D. consumes more water than a lawn of the same size
3.What does Jonathan Volzke try to express in the last paragraph?
A. He expects the serious drought to come to an end.
B. He thinks highly of those who have saved for pools.
C. He appeals for reasonable use of the swimming pools.
D. He tries to maintain the right to use the swimming pools.
4.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Water Crisis In California
B. Strict Ban On Filling Pools
C. The Sieferts—Real Environmentalists?
D. Pools—A Big Factor During Drought?
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The future of Australia’s solar industry is looking bright after a record 3.5m panels (嵌板) were installed on rooftops last year, giving the equal output of a medium sized coal- fired power station. The record 1,057 MW of capacity (生产能力) in small-scale systems installed across the country broke the previous record set in 2012, figures from the Clean Energy Regulator showed on Tuesday.
Australia’s solar power prosperity could almost double capacity in a year. The data also revealed that the average system size has also doubled since then from three to six kilowatts as average prices continued to fall. A fully insulted 5KW system coats an average of $ 5,930 in Australia, according to the energy broker Solarchoice.net.au. Its records show that the price has roughly halved in many capital cities since 2012.
The regulator’s executive general manager, Mark Williamson, said there was increasing interest in renewals as a way to take control of electricity bills. But more importantly, he said it was also good news for reducing carbon emissions.
“We are seeing a wide cross-section of Australians—households, community centers, schools, and small businesses—receiving rewards under the small-scale renewable energy scheme,” Williamson said “Our data shows consumers are embracing renewable energy to take control of their electricity bills.”
In 2017, there was a 4l% increase in installing renewable energy capacity across all states and territories compared to 2016. Queensland led the way with installed capacity at 295MW, with the Australian Capital Territory taking top place for the biggest annual increase by 57%. “The data collected by the Clean Energy Regulator in 2017 reflects the industry is going from strength to strength. It looks like 2018 will be another big year for the solar industry.”
The total of installed capacity for last year is expected to rise to 1.070MW when all the data is collected. A large coal-fired power station such as Loyd Yang A in Victoria’s Latrobe Valley has a capacity of 2,200MW.
1.What do we know about the Australia’s solar industry from the first paragraph?
A. It’s still risky.
B. It’s promising.
C. It’s unpredictable.
D. It’s within expectation.
2.What’s the reason for the Australia’s solar industry’s development?
A. The entire decrease of the carbon emissions.
B. The autonomous control of the electricity bills.
C. The doubt about the capacity of coal-fired power station.
D. The continuous fall of the average price of installing a solar energy system.
3.What does the underlined phrase “from strength to strength” in Paragraph 5 suggest?
A. Australia’s solar industry is being accepted.
B. Australia’s solar industry is developing rapidly.
C. Australia’s solar industry is more practical than before.
D. Australia’s solar industry is more advanced than other countries.
4.What is the biggest feature of the renewable energy according to Mark Williams?
A. Reducing pollution.
B. Providing enough energy.
C. Lowering electricity bills.
D. Simplifying installed equipment.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The future of Australia’s solar industry is looking bright after a record 3.5m panels(嵌板)were installed on rooftops last year, giving the equal output of a medium-sized coal-fired power station. The record 1,057 MW of capacity (产能) in small scale systems installed across the country broke the previous record set in 2012, figures from the Clean Energy Regulator showed on Tuesday.
Australia’s solar power prosperity could almost double capacity in a year, The data also revealed that the average system size has also doubled since then from three to six kilowatts as average prices continued to fall. A fully installed 5KW system costs an average of $5,930 in Australia, according to the energy broker Solar choice. net. au. Its records show that the price has roughly halved in many capital cities since 2012.
The regulator’s executive general manager, Mark Williamson, said there was increasing interest in renewals as a way to take control of electricity bills. But more importantly, he said it was also good news for reducing carbon emissions,
“We are seeing a wide cross section of Australians—households, community centers, schools, and small businesses—receiving rewards under the small scale renewable energy scheme,” Williamson said, “Our data shows consumers are embracing renewable energy to take control of their electricity bills. ”
In 2017, there was a 41% increase in installing renewable energy capacity across all states and territories compared to 2016. Queensland led the way with installed capacity at 295MW, with the Australian Capital Territory taking top place for the biggest annual increase by 57 %. “I he data collected by the Clean Energy Regulator in 2017 reflects the industry is going from strength to strength, It looks like 2018 will be another big year for the solar industry.”
The total of installed capacity for last year is expected to rise to 1,070MW when all the data is collected. A large coal-fired power station such as Loyd Yang A in Victoria’s Latrobe Valley has a capacity of 2, 200MW.
1.What do we know about the Australia’s solar industry from the first paragraph?
A. It’s still risky.
B. It’s promising.
C. It’s unpredictable.
D. It’s within expectation.
2.What’s the reason for the Australia’s solar industry’s development?
A. The continuous fall of average price of installing a solar energy system.
B. The entire decrease of the carbon emissions.
C. The autonomous control of the electricity bills.
D. The doubt about the capacity of coal-fired power station.
3.What does the underlined phrase “from strength to strength” in Paragraph 5 suggest?
A. Australia’s solar industry is being accepted.
B. Australia’s solar industry is developing rapidly.
C. Australia’s solar industry is more practical than before.
D. Australia’s solar industry is more advanced than other countries.
4.What is the biggest feature of the renewable energy according to Mark Williams?
A. Reducing pollution.
B. Providing enough energy.
C. Lowering electricity bills.
D. Simplifying installed equipment.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
________left before the deadline, it doesn’t seem likely that John will finish the work on time.
A．Though such a short time B．Because such a short time
C．With such a short time D．As such a short time
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
---What do you say to a weekend in New York? ---________.
| A．Sounds like fun | B．I think so | C．It doesn’t matter | D．I really envy you |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
---What do you say to a weekend in New York?
---_________.
| A．Sounds like fun | B．I think so | C．It doesn’t matter | D．I really envy you. |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析