Exercise may hold the key to youth, according...

Exercise may hold the key to youth, according to a study published on Monday which showed people who keep fit are up to nine years biologically younger than those who do not. The findings are the first to show in humans how keeping fit affects the ageing process.

The study of 2,40twins found that a sedentary（久坐的）lifestyle raises the risk of a range of problems from heart disease to cancer and appears to play a key role in the ageing process.

It all appears to boil down to（归结为）the length of structures called telomeres（染色体终 端）---which protect the DNA on the chromosomes（染色体）,the researchers from King's College London wrote in the Archives of Internal Medicine.

Many studies have shown telomeres get shorter over time, suggesting the cells are ageing or dying. The study, which extracted （提取）a DNA sample from their volunteers, found people who exercised more each week had longer telomeres.

Exercise lowers the risk of a range of problems such as heart disease, diabetes and cancer, the researchers said. “It is not just walking around the block. It is really working up a sweat." said Tim Spector, a genetic epidemiologist who led the study, in a telephone interview.

The study found people who exercised energetically 3 hours each week had longer telomeres and they were 9 years biologically younger than people who did under 15 minutes.

Spector's team, who also adjusted for body weight, smoking, economic status and physical activity at work, also said moderate（适度的）exercise for 1-2 hours each week provided a four- year advantage.

Studying twins also provided a unique opportunity to judge the effects of exercise on people with the same or similar genetic make-up. the researchers said.

The reason why exercise has this effect is not clear but the researchers said they believe physical activity somehow defends against the natural process called oxidative stress （氧化应激反应）.which damages and kills cells.

1.What is the risk of sedentary lifestyle?

A.It can cause diseases.

B.It can make our cells alive.

C.It can lengthen telomeres.

D.It can keep us fit.

2.What do we know from the text?

A.Exercising can shorten the telomeres.

B.The less exercise, the longer telomeres.

C.Sitting often boils more chromosomes.

D.Telomeres affect human being's ageing.

3.What can cause ageing according to the last paragraph?

A.Cells with diseases. B.Oxidative stress.

C.Genetic structure. D.Physical activities.

4.What is the purpose of the text?

A.To introduce some exercise.

B.To show how to do research.

C.To encourage people to exercise.

D.To advise people to lose weight.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Your teenage best friend could be good for your long-term mental health，according to a new study published in the journal Child Development According to the findings, teenagers aged 15 to 16 who had a close friendship rather than a larger group of friends they were less close to had a greater sense of self-worth by the time they were 25 years old. Those people with a very close best friend were also less likely to experience depression and social anxiety, the study found．

“Close friendship strength in mid-adolescence predicted relative increases in self-worth and decreases in anxiety and depressive symptoms by early adulthood，”the authors, led by Rachel K, Narr，a postdoctoral student focused on clinical psychology at the University of Virginia, wrote.

A past research has suggested that adolescent friendships are important. Friendships during the teenage years predict academic success and improved mental health. But the new research further explores the type of friendships teenagers have. “My hunch（预感）was that close friendships compared to broader friendship groups and popularity may not function the same way,” Narr told Quartz. "Being successful in one is not the same as being successful in the other."

Many study participants did not continue to have a close relationship with their high-school best friend, leading the researchers to wonder what exactly was responsible for the mental health benefits. They suspected that the skills and ability to build such a friendship may be more important than the friendship itself.

And as the researchers point out, those skills are not necessarily brought to bear in the world of social media. "As technology makes it increasingly easy to build a social network of shallow friends, focusing time and attention on developing close connections with a few individuals should be a priority," study co-author Joseph Allen said in a statement.

1.What is the benefit of having a close teenage friendship?

A.Excellent performance in high school. B.A larger group of friends.

C.Mental health by early adulthood. D.A large social network in the future.

2.What can we learn about the past research?

A.It attached great significance to adolescent friendships.

B.It was totally different from the new research.

C.It helped improve teenagers' mental health.

D.It compared broader friendship groups with popularity.

3.What did the researchers think might lead to the mental health benefits?

A.Not continuing to have a close relationship. B.Having a best friend in high school.

C.Understanding the world of social media. D.Knowing how to build a close friendship

4.What did the researcher Joseph suggest?

A.Learning to use social media.

B.Broadening your social circle.

C.Improving the skills of making friends.

D.Concentrating on high-quality relationship.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.

Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: "Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."

The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, "The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see - and guide whether we see fear."

To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear. “We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear," Dr Garfinkel said.

"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."

1.What is the finding of the study?

A．One's heart affects how he feels fear.

B．fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.

C．fear has something to do with one's health.

D．Ones fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.

2.The study was carried out by analyzing _______.

A．volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures

B．the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions

C．volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans

D．different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication

3.Which of the following is closest in meaning to "mechanism" in Paragraph 6?

A．Order.            B．system.           C．machine.          D．treatment.

4.This study may contribute to _______.

A．treating anxiety and stress better

B．explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety

C．finding the sky to the heart-brain communication

D．understanding different fears in our hearts and heads

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.

Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: “Our Study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”

The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, “The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don’t see一and guide whether we see fear.”

To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person’s feeling of fear.

“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear,” Dr Garfinkel said.

“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”

1.What is the finding of the study?

A. One’s heart affects how he feels fear.

B. Fear is a result of one’s relaxed heartbeat.

C. Fear has something to do with one’s health.

D. One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.

2.The study was carried out by analyzing 　　　 .

A. volunteers’ heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures

B. the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions

C. volunteers’ reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans

D. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart—brain communication

3.Which of the following is closest in meaning to “mechanism” in Paragraph 6?

A. Order.　　　　　　　　 B. System.

C. Machine.　　　　　　 D. Treatment.

4.This study may contribute to 　　　　 .

A. treating anxiety and stress better.

B. explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety

C. finding the key to the heart-brain communication

D. understanding different fears in our hearts and heads

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

(2013·高考四川卷，E)Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed.Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.

Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”

The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed.Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don’t see－and guide whether we see fear.”

To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person’s feeling of fear.

“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，”Dr Garfinkel said.

“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced，we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”

1.What is the finding of the study?

A．One’s heart affects how he feels fear.

B．Fear is a result of one’s relaxed heartbeat.

C．Fear has something to do with one’s health.

D．One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.

2.The study was carried out by analyzing________.

A．volunteers’ heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures

B．the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions

C．volunteers’ reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans

D．different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart­brain communication

3.Which of the following is closest in meaning to“mechanism” in Paragraph 6?

A．Order.     B．System.

C．Machine.     D．Treatment.

4.This study may contribute to________.

A．treating anxiety and stress better

B．explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety

C．finding the key to the heart­brain communication

D．understanding different fears in our hearts and heads

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Visitors to Britain may find the best place to sample local culture is in a traditional pub. But these friendly pubs can be dangerous places of potential gaffes (失礼) for the newcomers. A team of researchers have discovered some of the unknown customs of British pubs-starting with the difficulty of getting a drink. Most pubs have no waiters-you have to go to the bar to buy drinks. A group of Italian youths waiting 45 minutes before they realized they would have to fetch their own. This may sound inconvenient, but there is a hidden purpose.

Pub culture is designed to promote sociability (社交) in a society known for its reserve. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others waiting to be served. The bar counter is possibly the only site in the British Isles in which friendly conversation with strangers is considered entirely suitable and really quite normal behavior. “If you haven't been to a pub, you haven't been to Britain.” This tip can be found in a booklet, Passport to the Pub: The Tourists' Guide to Pub Etiquette, a customers' rule of conduct for those wanting to sample “a central part of British life and culture”．

The trouble is that if you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall flat. For example, if you are in a big group, it is best if only one or two people go to buy the drinks. Nothing annoys the regular customers and bar staff more than a group of strangers blocking all access to the bar while they chat and hesitate about what to order.

1. The underlined word “sample” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．

2.The culture of pub in Britain is so developed to ______.

3.If you don't follow the local rules in a pub, ________.

4.What may be the best title for the passage?

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Visitors to Britain may find the best place to sample local culture is in a traditional pub. But these friendly pubs can be dangerous places of potential gaffes (失礼) for the newcomers.

A team of researchers have discovered some of the unknown customs of British pub starting with the difficulty of getting a drink. Most pubs have no waiters you have to go to the bar to buy drinks. A group of Italian youths waiting 45 minutes before they realized they would have to fetch their own. This may sound inconvenient, but there is a hidden purpose.

Pub culture is designed to promote sociability in a society known for its reserve. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others waiting to be served. The bar counter is possibly the only site in the British Isles in which friendly conversation with strangers is considered entirely suitable and really quite normal behavior. “If you haven't been to a pub, you haven't been to Britain.” This tip can be found in a booklet, Passport to the Pub: The Tourists' Guide to Pub Etiquette, a customers' rule of conduct for those wanting to sample “a central part of British life and culture”.

The trouble is that if you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall flat. For example, if you are in a big group, it is best if only one or two people go to buy the drinks. Nothing annoys the regular customers and bar staff more than a group of strangers blocking all access to the bar while they chat and hesitate about what to order.

1.The underlined word “sample” in the first paragraph probably means “________”.

A. taste　　 B. experience　　 C. test　　 D. record

2.The culture of pub in Britain is so developed to ______.

A. encourage people to communicate with each other

B. encourage more people to consume drinks

C. attract more tourists to the pubs

D. form its own character of culture

3.What does the author mean by giving the example of a group of Italian youths in Paragraph 2?

A. British pubs don’t always have waiters or waitresses.

B. There is always a hidden purpose in most British pubs.

C. It is quite convenient for people to get a drink in British pubs.

D. Not knowing the custom of British pubs may cause inconvenience.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Visitors to Britain may find the best place to sample local culture is in a traditional pub．But these friendly pubs can be dangerous places of potential gaffes（失礼）for the newcomers．

A team of researchers have discovered some of the unknown customs of British pubs - starting with the difficulty of getting a drink．Most pubs have no waiters - you have to go to the bar to buy drinks．A group of Italian youths waiting 45 minutes before they realized they would have to fetch their own．This may sound inconvenient, but there is a hidden purpose．

Pub culture is designed to promote sociability（社交）in a society known for its reserve．Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others waiting to be served．The bar counter is possibly the only site in the British Isles in which friendly conversation with strangers is considered entirely suitable and really quite normal behavior．“If you haven’t been to a pub, you haven’t been to Britain．” This tip can be found in a booklet, Passport to the Pub: The Tourists’ Guide to Pub Etiquette, a customers’ rule of conduct for those wanting to sample “a central part of British life and culture”．

The trouble is that if you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall flat．For example, if you are in a big group, it is best if only one or two people go to buy the drinks．Nothing annoys the regular customers and bar staff more than a group of strangers blocking all access to the bar while they chat and hesitate about what to order．

1.The underlined word “sample” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．

A．taste                         B．experience

C．test                      D．record

2.The culture of pub in Britain is so developed to ________．

A．encourage people to communicate with each other

B．encourage more people to consume drinks

C．attract more tourists to the pubs

D．form its own character of culture

3.If you don’t follow the local rules in a pub, ________．

A．you won’t buy good local drinks

B．you may annoy the regular customers and bar staff

C．you may fail to feel the local culture

D．you might get into a dangerous place

4.What may be the best title for the passage?

A．Self-service Pubs in Britain

B．British Local Pubs: Special Chat Places

C．Local Pub Culture in Britain

D．Manners in British Local Pubs

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Visitors to Britain may find the best place to enjoy local culture is in a traditional pub. A team of1. (research) have discovered some of the unknown culture of British pubs---starting with the difficulty of 2.(get)a drink. His may sound in convenient, but there is3.hidden meaning.

Pub culture4.(form) to improve sociability in a society that is known for its coldness. Standing at the bar for service 5.(allow) you to chat with others who are waiting to be served. The bar counter is6.(possible) the only place in Britain where a 7. (friend) talk with strangers is considered to be entirely proper and really quite normal behavior. 8., if you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall flat. For example, if you are in a big group,9.is best for one or two people to go to buy the drinks. Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff angry 10.(much) than a group of strangers blocking all passages to the bar while they chat and hesitate about what to order.

高三英语短文填空简单题查看答案及解析

Visitors to Britain may find the best place1.enjoy local culture is in a traditional pub. But newcomers may get into trouble in these friendly pubs. Strangers may start with the difficulty of getting a drink. Most pubs have no waiters—you have to go to the bar (吧台) to buy drinks . This may sound2.(convenient), but English people are used to doing so.

Pub culture is formed3.(help) people get along with each other. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others4.(wait) for drinks. The bar counter is5.(possible) the only place in Britain 6.a friendly conversation with strangers7.(consider) to be entirely proper and really quite normal behavior. 8., if you do not follow the local rules, you may fail to feel the local culture. For example, if you are in a big group, 9.is best for one or two people to go to buy the drinks. Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff 10. (angry) than a group of strangers standing in front of the bar while they chat and wonder what to order.

高三英语短文填空简单题查看答案及解析