Food companies engineer junk food to make it ...

Food companies engineer junk food to make it addictive. They label their products to make them seem much healthier than they are. Their advertisements target children. All of this is according to a news report read recently by students in a Texas middle school. They were taking part in an experiment run by the University of Chicago and the University of Texas. “I don't understand how this is even legal, ” said a girl who took part in the study.

Researchers had students learn about food-industry advertising strategies. They wanted to know if learning about them would change how kids feel about junk food. All over the world, kids are eating more foods that are high in salt, sugar, and fat. That is partly the result of clever ads that make junk food irresistible. Christopher J. Bryan led the study. He says that when kids question the motives behind junk food ads, they feel like they're fighting injustice. The reward is knowing they are doing the right thing.

Junk food has been linked to health problems such as heart disease, obesity, and diabetes，But in 2018，food companies spent nearly $9 billion TV ads selling unhealthy fare. Companies use varying strategies. An ad with cartoon characters may make chips seen fun to eat. A professional athlete enjoying a sugary drink may make it look cool. Advertisers　　　　　　　　　　 know that if kids want a product, they'll annoy their parents to buy it. Even parents don't notice the power of ads. By the time they are adults they have been used to junk-food advertising. They just don't see it.

In the Texas study, Bryan had students view ads on iPad. Their job was to write or draw on the screen, to make each ad's message true. For example, a McDonald's ad showed a Big Mac (巨无霸) and the words “The thing you want when you order salad. ” To the end of the sentence, a student added “should be salad”.

Three months after analyzing ads, students were still choosing healthier snacks: milk instead of sugary juices, fruit over cookies. Kids are becoming conscious of themselves as agents in the world. They see a chance to make the world a better place.

1.What is the purpose of the experiment?

A.To survey what snacks children like best. B.To guide children against unhealthy food.

C.To find ways to make junk food healthy. D.To teach children how to pick out legal food.

2.How do children feel about junk food advertisements after the experiment?

A.Cool. B.Legal.

C.Funny. D.Misleading.

3.Why are parents unaware of the harm of junk food advertisements?

A.Parents have never seen such junk food advertisements.

B.Advertisements have blinded them since they were young.

C.The food industry has special advertising strategies for parents.

D.Parents have to agree with their children about the junk food.

4.How did students conduct the experiment?

A.By correcting unreal advertisements. B.By offering suggestions to food industry.

C.By making up their own advertisements. D.By studying food industry advertising strategies.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

We all know that eating junk food can make us fat. However, a new study suggests that it can do more than that – it can also make us lazy, reported CBS News.

In the study, researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, US divided 32 female rats into two groups. The first group was fed a diet of healthy food such as corn and fish, while the second was given a diet of highly processed (加工的) food rich in sugar, namely “junk food”.

Within three months, the rats in the second group were already much fatter than those on the healthy diet. And when researchers trained the rats to do simple tasks, they found even more differences between the two groups rather than weight.

During the task – pushing a lever (杠杆) to receive a reward of sugar water – the rats on the junk food diet were found to be less willing to move, and they took longer breaks between each push than the lean rats did.

“It is as if the rat is thinking ‘This is too much work’,” Aaron Blaisdell, leader of the study, told the Los Angeles Times.

But what about the possibility that the fat rats were less passionate about getting sugar water because they were already eating lots of sugar in their daily diet? That’s why researchers repeated the tests by rewarding fat rats with plain water when they were extremely thirsty. However, the results came out just the same.

According to researchers, these differences suggest that junk food changed the chemistry in the rats’ brains.

The experiment didn’t end there. After six months, the rats’ diets were switched, and the overweight rats were given a healthy diet for nine days. However, this change didn’t help reduce their weight or improve their ability to perform tasks, which means the effects of their junk food diet persisted (持续存在). “There’s no quick fix,” said Blaisdell.

For a long time, we’ve believed that people become fat because they are lazy. But this study has proven the opposite to be true as well, which indicates that laziness and obesity are a “vicious cycle (恶性循环)”.

So, if you constantly feel tired, lacking any urge to get up from your chair, it could be that you’ve been studying too hard. But you should also pay attention to your diet.

1.During the first three months of the experiment by researchers at the University of California, ______.

A. rats from the healthy diet group ate nothing but corn and fish

B. rats on the junk food diet ate more than those on healthy diet

C. rats on the healthy food diet performed better at simple tasks than those on the junk food diet

D. rats on the junk food diet seemed uninterested in sugary food

2.The researchers rewarded thirsty rats with plain water in the lever test to ______.

A. help them control their weight

B. test whether fat rats lost interest in the test because they had taken enough sugar

C. change the diet habits of fat rats

D. find out the influence of sugar on rats’ brains

3. The underlined word “there” refers to ______.

A. after the rats on the junk food diet had worked hard to get sugar water

B. after the type of food rats prefer had been identified

C. after a quick cure for obesity had been found

D. after the fact that fatter rats are lazier than lean rats had been found

4.We can conclude from the article that ______.

A. fat people are usually lazier than lean people

B. people should switch between different types of diets to keep healthy

C. being overweight and being lazy can feed into each other

D. laziness is the main cause of weight problems

5.Which of the following is Not Right according to the passage?

A. Eating junk food can make us fat.

B. Researchers got different results after repeated the tests to fat rats.

C. For a long time, we’ve believed that people become fat because they are lazy.

D. If you constantly feel tired or study too hard, you need to pay attention to your diet.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage. Foods can go bad if they get too warm. But for many of the world’s poor, finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult. Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity.

Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also economic losses. Farmers lose money when they have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly.

But in nineteen ninety-five a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bah Abba found a solution. He developed the “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.” It uses two round containers made of clay. A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one. The space between the two pots is filled with wet sand. The inner pot can be filled with fruit, vegetables or drinks. A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system.

Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation(蒸发) process. Water in the sand between the two pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot, where drier outside air is moving.

The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees. This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria. Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks.

People throughout Nigeria began using the invention. And it became popular with farmers in other African countries. Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first five thousand pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby.

In two thousand, the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise. This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being. A committee considers projects in science and medicine, technology, exploration and discovery, the environment and cultural history. Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects.

1.Which is the best title of the passage?

A.  A Few Degrees can Make a Big Difference for Storage

B.  A Cool Way to Keep Food from Spoiling

C.  Spoiled Food Creates Health Risks and Economic Losses

D.  The Evaporation Process Creates a Drop in Temperature

2.What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?

A. the structure of the invention

B. the usage of the invention

C. the cost of the invention

D. the inspiration of the invention

3.What is it that essentially keeps the food in the container from spoiling?

A. the wet cloth covering the cooling system.

B. the moving drier air outside the container

C. the wet sand between the containers

D. a drop in temperature by evaporation

4.According to the passage, where can we possibly see the invention?

A. rich and advanced families

B. scientific experiment laboratory

C. poor and underdeveloped area

D. supermarket needing to store goods

5.We can know from the passage that Mohammed Bah Abba ____________.

A. invented the controversial cooling system

B. financed the systems in all communities

C. received financial assistance for his invention

D. invented more complicated cooling system later

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

阅读理解。

Everyone knows that eating too much junk food is not good to our health. Yet, what is it about junk food that is so completely irresistible(无可抗拒的)? For one thing, it’s everywhere. From chips in fast food restaurants to candy in supermarkets, junk food always seems available. Thankfully, science is now providing new clues to help us reduce snacking.

Make friends with dainty(讲究的) eaters.

Studies have found that people tend to increase or reduce the amount of food they eat depending on what their companions are taking in.

See happy movies… and always get the smaller bag of popcorn(爆米花).

According to some experts, people eat up to 29% more popcorn if they are watching a sad or serious movie, compared to when they are watching a comedy. Viewers consumed almost 200 calories more when snacking from a large bucket, as opposed to when given a medium-sized container.

Eat breakfast.

Nutritionists have gone back and forth（来来回回）about the question of how much to eat in the morning, but new studies suggest that consuming a good breakfast is a must. Surveys on long-term weight-loss show that two key factors in keeping weight down are eating breakfast and exercising.

Divide your food and conquer overeating.

Any kind of dividing your food into portions slows down your eating. Any kind of marker makes you aware of what you’re eating and of portion size. Researchers advise reallocating（再分配）snack foods into small plastic bags. It sounds simplistic, but it works.

1.Why do people eat too much junk food though it is bad for our health?

A. It’s delicious from chips to candy.

B. It’s easily taken everywhere.

C. Because it’s available here and there.

D. It’s easily bought in fast food restaurants.

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. People are likely to eat more food when staying with friends.

B. Nutritionists have the same opinion about how much to eat in the morning.

C. People prefer to snake from a large bucket.

D. If people are watching a tragedy, they eat up to 29% more popcorn.

3.What will he or she do if he or she wants to lose weight?

A. To eat nothing in the morning.

B. To eat breakfast and exercise.

C. To get up early and to go to bed late.

D. To snack from a medium-size bucket.

4.What is the text mainly about the rule(s)?

A. how to eat properly and healthily.

B. how to make friends with dainty eaters.

C. how much to eat in the morning.

D. how to control overeating.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Where are the bees?

Bees are essential to the production of food we eat. Bees make honey, but they also pollinate (授粉) large areas of ________, such as strawberries, apples and onions. About a. third of the food we eat is a(n) __________ of pollination of the bees. _______, bees have been disappearing at a(n) f _______ rate.

In 2006, beekeepers started reporting about something called Colony Collapse Disaster (CCD). The main sign of CCD is the __________ of adult honey bees from a hive. In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.

There were many ________ for the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has to _________ pesticides and lifestyles of bees today. Nowadays, beekeepers get most of their income not from, __________ honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now __________ travelling all around the country to pollinate crops as the __________ change. That means a lot of traveling on trucks, which is very ________ to bees. It is __________ for up to 30% of the hive to die during __________ due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not __________ what they usually live on. __________, they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.

The __________ reason for the disappearance of bees is not sure, but losing bees is very_______ to the economy. The bee pollination services are _______ over $ 8 billion a year. With no bees, pollination will have to be done ________, which would have, effects on the quality, of food and increase food prices. We hear a lot about big environmental disasters almost every day. But one of the biggest __________ be the loss of that tiny flying insect.

1.A.flowers B.trees C.crops D.grass

2.A.protection. B.result C.power D.impact

3.A.Eventually B.Accidentally C.Interestingly D.Unfortunately

4.A.alarming B.moderate C.amusing D.reasonable

5.A.escape B.loss C.boom D.growth

6.A.chances B.theories C.adjustments D.excuses

7.A.go with B.agree with C.do with D.deal with

8.A.producing B.buying C.giving away D.processing

9.A.consists of B.accounts for C.lies in D.counts on

10.A.beekeepers B.behaviors C.prices D.seasons

11.A.beneficial B.acceptable C.stressful D.familiar

12.A.avoidable B.temporary C.not unusual D.rare

13.A.flight B.circle C.stay D.transport

14.A.interested in B.exposed to C.accustomed to D.hunting for

15.A.Or else B.However C.Therefore D.Instead

16.A.exact B.extra C.complex D.original

17.A.exciting B.great C.contrary D.costly

18.A.spending B.paying C.worth D.valuable

19.A.by chance B.by hand C.in time D.in turn

20.A.may well B.need C.must D.can’t

高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Where are the Bees?

Bees are essential to the production of food we eat. Bees make honey, but they also pollinate (授粉) large areas of _______ such as strawberries, apples and onions. About a third of the food we eat is a(n) _______ of pollination of the bees. _______, bees have been disappearing at a(n) _______ rate.

In 2006, beekeepers started reporting about something called Colony Collapse Disaster (CCD). The main sign of CCD is the _______ of adult honey bees from a hive. In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.

There were many _______ for the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has been _______to pesticides (杀虫剂) and lifestyles of bees today. Nowadays beekeepers get most of their income not from _______ honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now _______ travelling all around the country to pollinate crops as the ________ change. That means a lot of traveling on trucks, which is very ________ to bees. It is not ________ for up to 30% of the hive to die during ________ due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not ________ what they usually live on. ________, they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.

The ________ reason for the disappearance of bees is not sure, but losing bees is very ________ to the economy. The bee pollination services are ________ over 8 billion a year. With no bees, pollination will have to be done ________, which would have effects on the quality of food and increase food prices. We hear a lot about big environmental disasters almost every day. ________ one of the biggest may well be the loss of that tiny flying insect.

1.A.flowers B.trees C.crops D.grass

2.A.protection B.result C.power D.impact

3.A.Eventually B.Accidentally C.Interestingly D.Unfortunately

4.A.alarming B.moderate C.amusing D.reasonable

5.A.escape B.loss C.boom D.growth

6.A.chances B.theories C.adjustments D.excuses

7.A.applied B.associated C.related D.involved

8.A.producing B.buying C.keeping D.processing

9.A.includes B.consists C.considers D.stands

10.A.beekeepers B.behaviors C.prices D.seasons

11.A.beneficial B.acceptable C.stressful D.familiar

12.A.likely B.necessary C.unusual D.common

13.A.flight B.circle C.stay D.transport

14.A.interested in B.exposed to C.accustomed to D.hunting for

15.A.Thus B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Instead

16.A.exact B.extra C.complex D.original

17.A.essential B.dangerous C.insignificant D.costly

18.A.demanding B.remaining C.worth D.valuable

19.A.by chance B.by hand C.in time D.in turn

20.A.But B.For C.Or D.So

高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Food makes us feel good, but some people eat when they aren’t really hungry and eat to simply feel good. This kind of eating habit is called emotional eating, which does not affect adults but also young children. It isn’t a good thing.

A child’s eating habits can develop right from childhood. As we know, a baby cries out if he doesn’t get milk at the usual time of the day. However, sometimes parents immediately stick a bottle in a child’s mouth without trying to find out if the child is really hungry. In fact, children may cry for other reasons. Even as children grow up and start going to school, parents sometimes give them a chocolate bar if they become really unhappy. As the children further grow up, they may become used to having a snack whenever they’re upset or low.

Therefore, they’d like to eat an emotional snack when they have the feeling of unhappiness and boredom. Even when they don’t get high grades, aren’t popular at school or made fun of by others, they will want something to eat. After having the snack, they feel a lot better.

Emotional eating in young children is a thing that needs to be taken seriously. To protect your children from emotional eating, you should satisfy your child’s emotional needs in the best possible way. This includes spending time with your child every day, taking an interest in his school work, helping your child study, providing a health environment without tension at home, etc. Don’t make the child lose face by scolding him. Develop confidence in your child. Make your child eat enough once in a while. Reward him for his achievements.

All this will help your little one develop a healthy eating habit. And always remember love and care is the key to help you child out of trouble and grow up happily.

Title: 　　 1.　　 in Young Children

高三英语填空题中等难度题查看答案及解析

Food makes us feel good, but some people eat when they aren’t really hungry and eat to simply feel good. This kind of eating habit is called emotional eating, which does not affect adults but also young children. It isn’t a good thing.

A child’s eating habits can develop right from childhood. As we know, a baby cries out if he doesn’t get milk at the usual time of the day. However, sometimes parents immediately stick a bottle in a child’s mouth without trying to find out if the child is really hungry. In fact, children may cry for other reasons. Even as children grow up and start going to school, parents sometimes give them a chocolate bar if they become really unhappy. As the children further grow up, they may become used to having a snack whenever they’re upset or low.

Therefore, they’d like to eat an emotional snack when they have the feeling of unhappiness and boredom. Even when they don’t get high grades, aren’t popular at school or made fun of by others, they will want something to eat. After having the snack, they feel a lot better.

Emotional eating in young children is a thing that needs to be taken seriously. To protect your children from emotional eating, you should satisfy your child’s emotional needs in the best possible way. This includes spending time with your child every day, taking an interest in his school work, helping your child study, providing a health environment without tension at home, etc. Don’t make the child lose face by scolding him. Develop confidence in your child. Make your child eat enough once in a while. Reward him for his achievements.

All this will help your little one develop a healthy eating habit. And always remember love and care is the key to help you child out of trouble and grow up happily.

Title: 　　 1.　　　　 in Young Children

高三英语填空题中等难度题查看答案及解析

The new technology will make ________possible to grow food with very little water.

A．it　                                 B．it is

C．that　                             D．that is

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Young children from poor families are more likely to consume junk food and fizzy drinks(汽水) than their richer companions. A study of 1,800 four- and five-year-olds found more than half of those from poor backgrounds drank at least one a week, compared to just four in ten oofy kids. They also drank less milk and consumed more fruit juice which is also linked to child obesity (肥胖) caused by high sugar intake(摄取量).

The phenomenon also relates to children who spend more than two hours a day in front of a TV or playing computer games—whatever their social circumstances. A companion study also found children from poor families were more likely to eat chips, sweets and chocolate. Professor Kate Storey said, “when you are looking at that age group, and such a large percentage of very young kids in the study are consuming a large amount of soda(苏打汽水)，it is quite concerning. ”

The researchers carried out the study by surveying the parents of their participants to find out their dietary habits. Professor Storey said, “If you are drinking a lot of soda and fruit juice, they can displace(取代)consumption of water and milk, which are important not just for ending thirst, but for developing healthy bones and teeth, and health and wellness in general.”

Co-researcher Dr John Spence said, “Dietary behavior and intake patterns are influenced heavily by what happens in the first few years with children, and they maintain those patterns throughout childhood and into adolescence(青少年时期).” In addition to basic health education, this study identifies a need in how we are dealing with poverty and recognizing there is more to poverty than simply the number of dollars people have.

Professor Storey said that shows how education can make a difference and lead to healthier eating habits, regardless of what is happening at home. “Many families live in places that might not be very healthy for them and, as a result, they make unhealthy food choices. You can start making a difference in different places. It calls for action in multiple settings, schools and communities, for example. That light-bulb moment can happen in a variety of places,” Professor Storey added.

1.What does the underlined word “oofy” mean in Para.1?

A. Wealthy.　 　　　 B. Healthy.　 　　　　　 C. Fat　 　　　　　 D. Weak.

2.According to the passage, Professor Storey thinks it helpful for children ______.

A. to drink more coffee　 　　　 B. to drink more milk

C. to drink more soda　　　　 　 D. to drink more fruit juice

3. According to Dr John Spence, children’s habits in the early stage of life can even affect _____.

A. their attitude towards life

B. their living patterns of youth

C. health in their old age

D. living quality of all their life

4.Professor Storey considers that healthier eating habits can be _____.

A. finally determined by parents’ life habits

B. gently changed by parents’ life habits

C. suddenly changed by family situation

D. gradually changed by education

5.What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Young people like eating junk food.

B. Junk food is bad for both young children and adults.

C. Children from poor families are more likely to eat junk food.

D. Junk food causes more and more children to become overweight.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析