A new Japanese research has suggested that regularly eating mushrooms could help lower the risk of cancer. The researchers found that the men who consumed mushrooms once or twice a week had an 8 percent lower risk of developing cancer, regardless of how much fruit and vegetables, or meat and dairy products they ate—compared to those who ate mushrooms less than once per week. Eating mushrooms more often appeared to bring even bigger benefits, with those who consumed mushrooms three or more times per week showing a 17 percent lower risk than those who ate mushrooms less than once a week.
Eating mushrooms also appeared to be particularly beneficial among those who ate a large amount of meat and dairy products, little fruit and few vegetables. The findings, published in the International Journal of Cancer, are the first to suggest that there may be an association between eating mushrooms and a lower risk of cancer.
“Test-tube studies and studies conducted on living organisms have shown that mushrooms have the potential to prevent cancer” said lead researcher Shu Zhang. “To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the cancer-preventive potential of mushrooms at a population level.” Zhang added that, “mushrooms are a good source of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, especially L-ergothioneine,” which is believed to help fight against stress, and that is cell imbalance caused by lifestyle choices such as poor diets and exposure to environmental poisons. This imbalance can lead to chronic inflammation, resulting in chronic diseases such as cancer.
“Considering the average American consumes less than 5 grams of mushrooms per day, which is lower than that consumed by the participants in this study (7.6 g/day), one would expect that even a small increase in mushroom consumption can offer potential health benefits,” said Zhang. However, Zhang added that, “Although our study suggests regular consumption of mushrooms may reduce the risk of cancer, we also want to emphasize that eating a healthy and balanced diet is much more important than filling your shopping basket with mushrooms.”
1.What is the new Japanese research about?
A.Healthy lifestyle reduces the risk of cancer.
B.Often eating mushrooms reduces the risk of cancer.
C.Drinking dairy products is good for our health.
D.Eating fruit and vegetables makes us healthier.
2.Who seem to especially benefit from eating mushrooms?
A.People who are over fat and having a poor diet.
B.People who are feeling over stressed.
C.People who consume much meat but few vegetables and little fruit.
D.People who consume many dairy products and suffer cancer.
3.Why can the mushroom help reduce the risk of cancer?
A.It avoids the stress from a disease.
B.It reduces environmental poisons.
C.It hell helps reduce weight.
D.It has a source of cancer-preventive.
4.What does the underlined word “inflammation” probably means?
A.A state of being physically healthy.
B.A state of keeping body balance.
C.A physical condition that someone needs to be on a diet.
D.A condition that a part of the body becomes red, sore and swollen.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
A new Japanese research has suggested that regularly eating mushrooms could help lower the risk of cancer. The researchers found that the men who consumed mushrooms once or twice a week had an 8 percent lower risk of developing cancer, regardless of how much fruit and vegetables, or meat and dairy products they ate—compared to those who ate mushrooms less than once per week. Eating mushrooms more often appeared to bring even bigger benefits, with those who consumed mushrooms three or more times per week showing a 17 percent lower risk than those who ate mushrooms less than once a week.
Eating mushrooms also appeared to be particularly beneficial among those who ate a large amount of meat and dairy products, little fruit and few vegetables. The findings, published in the International Journal of Cancer, are the first to suggest that there may be an association between eating mushrooms and a lower risk of cancer.
“Test-tube studies and studies conducted on living organisms have shown that mushrooms have the potential to prevent cancer” said lead researcher Shu Zhang. “To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the cancer-preventive potential of mushrooms at a population level.” Zhang added that, “mushrooms are a good source of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, especially L-ergothioneine,” which is believed to help fight against stress, and that is cell imbalance caused by lifestyle choices such as poor diets and exposure to environmental poisons. This imbalance can lead to chronic inflammation, resulting in chronic diseases such as cancer.
“Considering the average American consumes less than 5 grams of mushrooms per day, which is lower than that consumed by the participants in this study (7.6 g/day), one would expect that even a small increase in mushroom consumption can offer potential health benefits,” said Zhang. However, Zhang added that, “Although our study suggests regular consumption of mushrooms may reduce the risk of cancer, we also want to emphasize that eating a healthy and balanced diet is much more important than filling your shopping basket with mushrooms.”
1.What is the new Japanese research about?
A.Healthy lifestyle reduces the risk of cancer.
B.Often eating mushrooms reduces the risk of cancer.
C.Drinking dairy products is good for our health.
D.Eating fruit and vegetables makes us healthier.
2.Who seem to especially benefit from eating mushrooms?
A.People who are over fat and having a poor diet.
B.People who are feeling over stressed.
C.People who consume much meat but few vegetables and little fruit.
D.People who consume many dairy products and suffer cancer.
3.Why can the mushroom help reduce the risk of cancer?
A.It avoids the stress from a disease.
B.It reduces environmental poisons.
C.It hell helps reduce weight.
D.It has a source of cancer-preventive.
4.What does the underlined word “inflammation” probably means?
A.A state of being physically healthy.
B.A state of keeping body balance.
C.A physical condition that someone needs to be on a diet.
D.A condition that a part of the body becomes red, sore and swollen.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Recently, a new research has suggested the possibility in a popular magazine ______ pleasant smells might reduce pain.
A. why B. whether C. that D. how
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
It’s been claimed that playing a musical instrument makes you smarter．
New research suggests that regularly playing a musical instrument changes the shape and power of the brain, and may be used in therapy (疗法) to improve cognitive (认知) skills．
Experts say there is growing evidence that musicians have brains that are structurally and functionally different from those of non-musicians, especially in the areas of the brain used in processing (处理信息)
The parts of the brain that control motor skills, the storage of audio information, hearing and memory become larger and more active when a person learns how to play an instrument and can apparently improve the alertness (警觉) and planning．
Lutz Jancke, a psychologist at the University of Zurich, said, “Leaning to play a musical instrument has great benefits and can increase IQ by seven points in both children and adults．We found that even people over the age of 65, after four or five months of playing an instrument for an hour a week, had strong changes in the brain.” The parts of the brain that control hearing and memory, and the part that controls the hands, among others, all become more active.
“Of course music isn’t the only answer, but I do believe that it should be used in addition to other things.”
Mr．Jancke also said that learning a musical instrument could also make it easier to learn foreign languages and make one more sensitive to understanding the emotions of others．“So not only does this make it easier to pick up other languages and have a better memory of one’s own, we have also seen musicians are able to pick out exactly what others are feeling just by the tones of their voices—sympathy, disappointment, that kind of things.”
He added, “Several studies indeed show that playing music increases memory and language skills, but more research is needed.”
1．What is the passage mainly about?
A．How to use musical instruments.
B．How music affects the brain.
C．How playing music makes people smarter.
D．The development of research into music.
2．Compared with non-musicians, __________.
A．musicians are better at foreign languages
B．musicians are more active in sports
C．musicians have stronger emotions
D．musicians’ brains work differently in processing
3．Which of the following is NOT a benefit of playing an instrument?
A．It makes it easier for one to pick up foreign languages.
B．It allows one to show his feelings more exactly to others．
C．It gives one a better memory in one’s own language．
D．it makes one understand others’ feelings better．
4．From Luz Jancke we lean that _________．
A．playing an instrument benefits children more than adults
B．playing an instrument has no benefits for people over 65
C．some studies show playing music can increase memory
D．he will do more research into brain development and music
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Your name made you do it, though unconsciously, suggests new research that finds your name can negatively make you achieve less. Psychologists at Yale and the University of California, San Diego studying the unconscious influence of names say a preference for our own names and initials — the “name-letter effect” — can have some negative consequences.
Students whose names begin with C or D get lower grades than those whose names begin with A or B; major league baseball players whose first or last names began with K (the strikeout-signifying letter) are significantly more likely to strike out.
Assistant professors Leif Nelson of UCSD and Joseph Simmons of Yale have conducted five studies over five years using information from thousands of individuals.
“The conscious process is baseball players want to get a hit and students want to get A's,” Nelson says. “So if you get a change in performance consistent with the name-letter effect, it clearly shows there must be some unconscious desire operating in the other direction.”
The researchers' work supports a series of studies published since 2002 that have found the “name-letter effect” causes people to make life choices based on names that resemble their own. Those studies by Brett Pelham, an associate professor at SUNY University, have found that people are disproportionately（不定比例地）likely to live in states or cities resembling their names, have careers that resemble their names and even marry those whose surnames begin with the same letter as their own.
The twist, Pelham says, is that he has believed the name-letter effect would apply only to positive outcomes. Nelson and Simmons, he says, are “showing it applies more so to negative things than positive things.”
The researchers say the effect is definitely more than coincidence but is small nevertheless. “I know plenty of Chrises and Davids who have done very well in school,” Simmons says.
1.The new research is mainly about the relationship between one’s ______.
| A．name and unconsciousness | B．name and characteristics |
| C．name and success | D．sports and school achievements |
2.Who may serve as an example to show the “name-letter effect”?
| A．Miss Smith working as a lawyer. | B．Charles Brown married to Sue Rogers. |
| C．Mr. Watt living in Washington | D．Paula Snow fond of the color white. |
3.Which can be used to explain the underlined word “twist” in the last but one paragraph?
| A．Difference． | B．Conclusion． |
| C．Funny side． | D．Shared part． |
4.The last paragraph mainly tells us that the “name-letter effect” ______.
| A．isn’t believed in by many people | B．doesn’t work with certain names |
| C．may not really exist | D．is often too small to show |
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
New research suggests that cutting daily sitting time to less than three hours might extend your life by two years.
“Humans were designed to move. But modern lifestyles and office jobs rarely encourage us to walk around,” says Peter Katzmarzyk, an expert at the University of Louisiana.
“Sitting is common in our lives today. We sit while we’re driving, eating and watching TV. And many of us sit for many hours at work.” Katzmarzyk said.
“We can’t throw away physical activity. It’s extremely important. We have 60 years of researchers showing us that.” Katzmarzyk said.
Katzmarzyk and other researchers are trying to discover how sitting all day affext our lifespans（寿命）.
“This is a relatively new area of study…Studies that have assessed the relationship between sitting and death or television viewing and death have been very rare in the last four or five years,” said Katzmarzyk.
Katzmarzyk and his colleagues analyzed data from these studies, which involved almost 167,000 adults. Then they turned to a government-run survey of Americans to find out exactly how much time people spend sitting and watching.
Not only did the team find that U.S. citizens could live longer by sitting less, they found that cutting TV time to less than two hours a day could add an extra 1.4 years to their lives.
People who’ve spent half their waking lives sitting down might well ask, “Is it ever too late to make a change?”
“We would say ‘No. It’s never too late.’ Physical activity is good for you at every age.” Katzmarzyk said.
Katzmarzyk says studying this problem has inspired his team to make a few changes in their own lives. They recommend a few simple changes: frequently getting up from your desk, taking walks at lunch time, and instead of e-mailing colleagues, walking over to their offices and talking face-to-face——all activities that can be enjoyable as well as life-extending.
1.Peter Katzmarzyk seems to believe that _____.
A. we should not sit for a long time
B. most people like to sit most of the time
C. office jobs encourage us to walk a lot
D. modern lifestyles are good for our health
2.The underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 probably refers to _____.
A. taking physical exercise is important
B. many researches should be carried out
C. we should exercise during working hours
D. people should focus on their health at work
3.Why did Katzmarzyk and his colleagues turn to a government-run survey?
A. To collect information for the government
B. To know how long people sit and watch TV
C. To find what citizens do in their spare time’
D. To discover how sitting for long affects their lives
4.The best title of the text would be _____.
A. What Is the Healthiest Lifestyle？
B. Sitting for a Long Time Is Bad for Us
C. Study Suggests Sitting Less Can Extend Life
D. It Is Never Too Late to Change Our Way of Life
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Following the crowd may not always be in a person’s best interest.But new research suggests that teens who go along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.
Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.That’s true for both teens and adults.The finding inspired Joseph Allen,a psychologist at the University of Virginia,and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.So they followed 171 teens,starting when the kids were just 13.They interviewed each one every year for five years,and also spoke to these teens’ closest friends,who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25,26 and 27. This time,the questions surveyed each person’s overall health.When the researchers analyzed the data they found a strong connection between a teen’s behavior and adult health.Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults.Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to a close friends also influenced later health.Those who held back were more likely to be sick as adults.The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight,family income and drug use were all examined.So were mental health issues,such as anxiety and depression.And in these people,such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.
Going along with the crowd may have benefits,says Allen,but there are also drawbacks.Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work.And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as smoking,drinking or using drugs.Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge,Allen acknowledges.“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldn’t lose heart for not finding this easy.”And,he adds,“Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”
1.Where can you probably read this passage?
A. Science fiction B. Health column
C. Fashion magazine D. Entertainment newspaper
2.We can learn from Allen’s study that _________.
A. many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships
B. mental health issues have nothing to do with adult health
C. the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27
D. the teens who couldn’t express themselves grew up to be unhealthier
3.According to what Allen said,we can know that _________.
A. in order to do better at school,teens should not follow the crowd
B. though it’s challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure,they should not give up
C. teens will engage in smoking,drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure
D. parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends
4.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.
B. Close friendships are the most important for people’s health.
C. Teen friendships may turn out healthier adults.
D. Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Following the crowd may not always be in a person’s best interest．But new research suggests that teens who go along with their friends may end up healthier as adults．
Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health．That’s true for both teens and adults．The finding inspired Joseph Allen，a psychologist at the University of Virginia，and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health．
So they followed 171 teens，starting when the kids were just 13．They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens’closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships．The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25，26 and 27．This time，the questions surveyed each person’s overall health．When the researchers analyzed the data they found a strong connection between a teen’s behavior and adult health．Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults．Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to a close friends also influenced later health．Those who held back were more likely to be sick as adults．The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health．Weight，family income and drug use were all examined．So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression．And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did．
Going along with the crowd may have benefits，says Allen，but there are also drawbacks．Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work．And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior，such as smoking，drinking or using drugs．Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges．“Finding the right balance is the key．Teens shouldn’t lose heart for not finding this easy．”And，he adds，“Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”
1.Where can you probably read this passage?
A. Science fiction
B. Health column
C. Fashion magazine
D. Entertainment newspaper
2.We can learn from Allen’s study that _______________.
A. many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships
B. mental health issues have nothing to do with adult health
C. the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27
D. the teens who couldn’t express themselves grew up to be unhealthier
3.According to what Allen said，we can know that _______________.
A. in order to do better at school，teens should not follow the crowd
B. though it’s challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure，they should not give up
C. teens will engage in smoking，drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure
D. parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends
4.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd．
B. Close friendships are the most important for people’s health．
C. Teen friendships may turn out healthier adults．
D. Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships．
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Coffee is one of the world's most widely-enjoyed drinks. Now, a new research suggests that if you drink enough coffee, it might help you avoid certain kinds of cancer.
Dr. Mia Hashibe of the University of Utah School of Medicine was interested in the connection between coffee drinking and certain cancers of the head and neck. Researchers have looked into this before, but without reaching any firm conclusions. She said, "So this finding from our new study was quite a surprise. We didn't really have any expectation of which direction it could go into."
To sort out the confusion, Hashibe and her assistants used statistical (统计学 ) techniques to, in effect, make one big study out of the earlier smaller studies. She explained, "Thanks to the earlier studies, we have a lot more power than earlier studies that looked at this. And we included 4,000 cancer patients who have cancer of the mouth and throat. And then 9,000 controls, people who do not have cancer. '
Those studies--in Europe and the United States--found that people who drank a lot of coffee were less likely to develop cancers of the mouth and throat. "We saw a protective effect for drinking more than 4 cups of coffee per day," Hashibe said. "This was the 40 percent decrease in risk. We did not see the same effect for drinking three cups or less per day."
Mia Hashibe said there was a weak connection between cancer risk and drinking coffee without caffeine. And she and her assistants found no proof that drinking tea provided the same protection as drinking Coffee. Their research is published in the journal Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
Hashibe says it is not clear how coffee might protect drinkers from certain cancers. "There are a few chemicals that are known to be antioxidants （抗氧化物）in coffee. So we are thinking perhaps they are playing some sort of protective role against several cancers."
1.This passage is probably taken from __
A. a literature book B. a travel journal
C. an old directory D. a medical magazine
2.Dr. Hashibe expected nothing of her research because __
A. it was impossible to get the desired result B. the research was much surprising in fact
C. no conclusions had been reached before D. the research team lacked faith in success
3.Which of the following might have something to do with the protection against mouth cancer?
A. Coffee without chemicals. B. Coffee without caffeine.
C. Four cups of tea a day. D. Antioxidants in coffee.
4.What do we know about Dr. Mia Hashibe and her research?
A. She knew for sure how coffee may affect drinkers.
B. She included 4,000 people without cancer in study.
C. She found an effect for three cups of coffee a day.
D. She based her research on several earlier studies.
5.What would be the best title for the text?
A. Drinking Coffee May Protect Some Cancers B. Drinking Coffee May Prevent Some Cancers
C. Drinking Coffee May Cure Some Caneers D. Drinking Coffee May Cause Some Cancers
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
In the past few years, research has suggested that Vitamin D may increase the level of serotonin（血清素）, one of the key nurotransmitters influencing our mood, and ________it helps to relieve mood disorders.
| A．that | B．where | C．what | D．which |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
We all know that eating junk food can make us fat. However, a new study suggests that it can do more than that – it can also make us lazy, reported CBS News.
In the study, researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, US divided 32 female rats into two groups. The first group was fed a diet of healthy food such as corn and fish, while the second was given a diet of highly processed (加工的) food rich in sugar, namely “junk food”.
Within three months, the rats in the second group were already much fatter than those on the healthy diet. And when researchers trained the rats to do simple tasks, they found even more differences between the two groups rather than weight.
During the task – pushing a lever (杠杆) to receive a reward of sugar water – the rats on the junk food diet were found to be less willing to move, and they took longer breaks between each push than the lean rats did.
“It is as if the rat is thinking ‘This is too much work’,” Aaron Blaisdell, leader of the study, told the Los Angeles Times.
But what about the possibility that the fat rats were less passionate about getting sugar water because they were already eating lots of sugar in their daily diet? That’s why researchers repeated the tests by rewarding fat rats with plain water when they were extremely thirsty. However, the results came out just the same.
According to researchers, these differences suggest that junk food changed the chemistry in the rats’ brains.
The experiment didn’t end there. After six months, the rats’ diets were switched, and the overweight rats were given a healthy diet for nine days. However, this change didn’t help reduce their weight or improve their ability to perform tasks, which means the effects of their junk food diet persisted (持续存在). “There’s no quick fix,” said Blaisdell.
For a long time, we’ve believed that people become fat because they are lazy. But this study has proven the opposite to be true as well, which indicates that laziness and obesity are a “vicious cycle (恶性循环)”.
So, if you constantly feel tired, lacking any urge to get up from your chair, it could be that you’ve been studying too hard. But you should also pay attention to your diet.
1.During the first three months of the experiment by researchers at the University of California, ______.
A. rats from the healthy diet group ate nothing but corn and fish
B. rats on the junk food diet ate more than those on healthy diet
C. rats on the healthy food diet performed better at simple tasks than those on the junk food diet
D. rats on the junk food diet seemed uninterested in sugary food
2.The researchers rewarded thirsty rats with plain water in the lever test to ______.
A. help them control their weight
B. test whether fat rats lost interest in the test because they had taken enough sugar
C. change the diet habits of fat rats
D. find out the influence of sugar on rats’ brains
3. The underlined word “there” refers to ______.
A. after the rats on the junk food diet had worked hard to get sugar water
B. after the type of food rats prefer had been identified
C. after a quick cure for obesity had been found
D. after the fact that fatter rats are lazier than lean rats had been found
4.We can conclude from the article that ______.
A. fat people are usually lazier than lean people
B. people should switch between different types of diets to keep healthy
C. being overweight and being lazy can feed into each other
D. laziness is the main cause of weight problems
5.Which of the following is Not Right according to the passage?
A. Eating junk food can make us fat.
B. Researchers got different results after repeated the tests to fat rats.
C. For a long time, we’ve believed that people become fat because they are lazy.
D. If you constantly feel tired or study too hard, you need to pay attention to your diet.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析